An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included?

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac

Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? It makes lipids and carbohydrates. It is made of broad, flattened sacs. It has many ribosomes attached to it.

It makes lipids and carbohydrates.

Spongy bone is characterized by

open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures.

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max anatomy

Anatomy final study guide

Question	Answer
Blood production is a function of which system?	Skeletal
An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included?	Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac
The brain is ______ as compared to the skull	deep
The lungs are located in the:	thoracic cavity.
The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are:	cells
Two major cavities of the human body are:	ventral/dorsal.
A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region.	right hypochondriac
If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle?	Proximal
The reproductive system includes all of the following except the:	ureter
The mediastinum contains all of the following except the:	right lung.
A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n):	electron.
As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the:	exchange
The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell?	Four
Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is:	two
The study of metabolism includes examination of: catabolism. anabolism. ATP requirements.	all of the above.
The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of:	one proton and two neutrons.
The approximate pH of gastric fluid is:	2
The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction.	synthesis
The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae?	Mitochondrion
The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called:	microvilli
The nucleolus is composed chiefly of:	rRNA
Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus?	Lysosomes
Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell?	Proteasomes
ATP production occurs within which organelle?	Mitochondrion
Which cell fiber serves as part of our “cellular muscles?”	Microfilament
The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as:	plasma membrane.
The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the:	glycoprotein molecules.
Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? It makes lipids and carbohydrates. It is made of broad, flattened sacs. It has many ribosomes attached to it.	It makes lipids and carbohydrates.
The two main layers that compose the skin are the dermis and	epidermis.
The conducting unit of the nerve tissue is the	neuron.
Which type of tissue has cube-shaped cells and can be found lining the kidney tubules?	simple cuboidal epithelium
Cells in a tissue are surrounded by or embedded in a complex extracellular material called a	matrix.
Besides water, extracellular matrix contains	proteins and proteoglycans.
Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? stratum basale stratum lucidum stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinsosum	stratum corneum
A lubricating substance produced by goblet cells is called	mucus
The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer.	reticular
Which of the following is not a primary germ layer? endoderm ectoderm mesoderm epiderm	epiderm
The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is	connective.
The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the	patella
Bone marrow is a specialized type of soft, diffuse connective tissue called	myeloid tissue.
Which of the following is not a bone in the leg? mandible femur fibula tibia	mandible
The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the	periosteum.
Where are the smallest bones in the body located?	Ears
The main shaft-like portion of a long bone is the	diaphysis
Which of the following is not a bone in the skull? clavicle parietal sphenoid ethmoid	clavicle
Spongy bone is characterized by	open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures.
Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal?	fontanels
_____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage.	Collagenous
All of the following muscles are part of the rotator cuff muscles except the: deltoid. infraspinatus. supraspinatus. teres minor.	deltoid
The covering of individual muscle fibers is the:	endomysium
Poor posture puts abnormal strain on bones and may eventually produce deformities.	True
The soleus muscle is an example of a _____ muscle.	pennate
Which of the following is not a group of pennate muscles? Bipennate Tripennate Multipennate	Tripennate
Which of the following muscles has fibers on a transverse plane? Rectus abdominis External oblique Transverse abdominis Internal intercostals	Transverse abdominis
Muscles located on the lower leg move the:	foot
Which of the following is not a muscle that moves the thigh? Adductor longus Gracilis Iliopsoas Sacrospinalis	Sacrospinalis
Movement is one of the most distinctive and easily observed “characteristics of life.”	True
Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the:	clavicle and scapula.
In the human nervous system:	there are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons.
Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is:	dendrite, cell body, and axon.
Neurons in the CNS have less chance of regenerating for all of the following reasons except: there is no neurolemma in cells of the CNS. astrocytes fill in the path of regrowth. microglia lay down scar tissue.	microglia lay down scar tissue.
The white matter of the nervous system is made up of:	myelinated fibers.
Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? Endoneurium Perineurium Epineurium Fascicle	Endoneurium
The afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system:	carry feedback information to integrating centers in the brain.
Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the:	perineurium.
The largest and most numerous types of neuroglia are the:	astrocytes
Most unipolar neurons are usually:	sensory neurons.
Which of the following is not a function of the central nervous system (CNS)? Integrating sensory information Evaluating the information Initiating an outgoing response	All of the above are functions of the CNS.
Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves? Cervical Brachial Lumbar Thoracic	Thoracic
The nerve commonly called the vagus nerve is the _____ cranial.	tenth
The pyramids are formed in the:	medulla
Several “vital centers” are located in the:	medulla
Sensory neurons can operate in autonomic reflex arcs.	True
The spinal ganglion can be found on the _____ of the spinal nerve.	dorsal nerve root
The brain has _____ major divisions.	six
All of the following cranial nerves have a functional classification of motor except: oculomotor. trochlear. vestibulocochlear. accessory.	vestibulocochlear
Which of the following is not true?	One bundle of nerve fibers (nerve roots) projects from each side of the spinal cord.
All cell bodies of the autonomic nervous system are located within the CNS.	False
The hypophyseal portal veins are primarily located in the	infundibulum.
Transparent mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelid.	conjunctiva
Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA.	zona reticularis
Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children.	calcitonin
The basilar membrane supports the	spiral organ.
Transparent structure of the eye containing regularly aligned collagen fibers.	cornea
Gel-like structure embedded with the tips of cochlear hair cells.	tectorial membrane
Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? calcium iron copper iodine	iodine
Fluid filling the posterior segment of the eye.	vitreous humor
Which of the following areas has the highest concentration of cones? the ora serrata retinae the optic disc the macula lutea the fovea centralis	the fovea centralis
In _____, blood moves from veins to other veins or arteries to other arteries without passing through an intervening capillary network.	vascular anastomoses
The normal ECG is composed of all of the following except a	E wave.
The molecule that makes up 95% of the dry weight of each red blood cell and is responsible for the red pigment is	hemoglobin
A graphic record of the heart’s electrical activity is a(n)	ECG.
The term blood type refers to the type of blood cell	antigen
Renal veins drain blood from the	kidneys
The free edges of the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the	papillary muscles.
The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the	SA node.
Mechanical devices that permit the flow of blood in one direction only are called	valves.
Atria are often called _____ because they receive blood from vessels called veins.	receiving chambers
The spleen is located in the _____ region.	left hypochondriac
During their residence in the thymus, pre-T cells develop into _____, cells that proliferate as rapidly as any in the body.	thymocytes
Which of the following is not a lymph organ? Thymus Spleen Pancreas Tonsils	Pancreas
An infection in the thumb may result in enlargement of the _____ nodes.	superficial cubital
A type of blood cell produced by lymph nodes is called a(n)	monocyte
The internal environment of the human body is protected by the _____, which is(are) referred to as the first line of defense.	skin
The breast—the mammary gland and surrounding tissue—is drained by the:	ymphatics that originate in and drain the skin over the breast with the exception of the areola and nipple. lymphatics that originate in and drain the substance of the breast itself, as well as the skin of the areola and nipple.
Adaptive immunity, part of the body’s third line of defense, is orchestrated by two different classes of a type of white blood cell called the	lymphocyte
Masses of lymphoid tissue located in a protective ring under the mucous membranes in the mouth and the back of the throat are called	tonsils
The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as “not self” is called:	nonspecific immunity.
The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium.	pseudostratified columnar
Which of these structures is not found in the left lung?	Horizontal fissure
Which of the following is true of the cribriform plate? It separates the nasal and cranial cavities. It forms the lateral aspects of the nose. It separates the internal nose from the mouth. It forms a midline separation in the nasal cavity.	It separates the nasal and cranial cavities.
The structure in the neck known as the “Adam’s apple” is the:	thyroid cartilage.
Which of the following is not part of the respiratory membrane? Ciliated respiratory mucosa Alveolar epithelium Capillary epithelium	Ciliated respiratory mucosa
The fauces, one of the seven openings found in the pharynx, opens into the:	oropharynx.
Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx? Their origin is the hyoid bone. They move the larynx as a whole. They serve in voice production.	They serve in voice production.
The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called:	conchae
The external openings to the nasal cavities can be referred to as:	nostrils. anterior nares. external nares.
The respiratory system can be divided into what two parts?	Upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract
The proper anatomical order for the divisions of the colon is:	ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid.
All of the following are classified as accessory organs of the digestive system except the: tongue. mouth. liver. pancreas.	mouth.
Which of the following organs has a mucosa layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion? Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine	esophagus
Which of the following papillae of the tongue lack taste buds? Vallate Fungiform Filiform Lingual	Filiform
The walls of the GI tract are composed of ____ layers of tissue.	four
The substance that forms the outer covering of the neck and root of a tooth is:	cementum
A barium enema study is used to detect and locate: polyps. tumors. diverticula.	all of the above.
Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest? Esophagus Duodenum Jejunum Ileum	Ileum
The part of the colon that lies in the vertical position, on the left side of the abdomen, extending from a point below the stomach and spleen to the level of the iliac crest is the _____ colon.	descending
Phagocytic cells lining liver sinusoids are called _____ cells.	Kupffer
Which of the following is not a part of the glomerular-capsular membrane? Parietal layer of the glomerular capsule Visceral layer of the glomerular capsule Glomerular endothelium Basement membrane	Parietal layer of the glomerular capsule
The portion of the nephron that empties into a calyx is the:	collecting tubule.
The function of the urinary bladder is to:	serve as a reservoir for urine before it leaves the body. expel urine from the body, aided by the urethra.
Which of the following is the approximate threshold level for the reabsorption of glucose? 100 mg/100 ml 300 mg/100 ml 200 mg/100 ml 250 mg/100 ml	300 mg/100 ml
The shape of the kidney could best be described as _____-shaped.	bean
In the kidney, blood flows from the interlobular artery into the:	afferent arteriole.
Substances travel from the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule by the process of:	filtration.
Of all the blood pumped per minute by the heart, approximately ____ goes through the kidneys.	1/5
Under normal conditions, most nutrients are reabsorbed in which portion of the nephron?	Proximal tubule
Reabsorption, as performed in the kidney, may be defined as the:	movement of molecules out of the tubule and into the peritubular blood.
What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface?	Superficial
The neck is ______ as compared to the right shoulder.	Medial
The gallbladder lies in the:	abdominal cavity.
Molecules are:	atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates.
The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the: stomach. pancreas. heart. reproductive organs.	heart.
Popliteal refers to the:	area behind the knee.
The structure that is called the “powerhouse” of the cell is the:	mitochondria.
When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n):	tissue.
The most abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are):	water.
Acids: are proton donors. taste sour. release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution.	All of the above are true of acids.
Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called:	bases.
Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? Hydrogen Helium Oxygen Carbon	Helium
AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction.	exchange
Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? Sulfur Chlorine Iron Phosphorus	Iron
Main cell structures include all of the following except: organelles. plasma membrane. interstitial fluid. cytoplasm.	interstitial fluid.
In the cell membrane, the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule:	faces the exterior of the cell. faces the interior of the cell.
The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA.	False
Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells? Gland cells Immune cells Nerve cells Red blood cells	Immune cells
The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the:	phospholipid bilayer.
The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called:	microvilli
Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? Contain protein Composed of a large unit and a small unit Surrounded by a membrane structure Contain RNA	Surrounded by a membrane structure
Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called:	caveolae.
Which principal type of tissue covers and protects body surfaces and lines body cavities?	epithelial
Adipose tissue is	a storage tissue.
The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis.	dermoepidermal
Which of the following contains osteocytes? striated muscle smooth muscle bone blood	bone
The mixed secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands form a brown waxy substance called the	cerumen
The connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints are called _____ membranes.	synovial
Each hair follicle has a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to it called the	arrector pili muscle.
Which of the following is a facial bone? zygomatic bone occipital bone parietal bone	zygomatic bone
Where would you find a tarsal bone?	foot
Which bone is located on the posterior aspect of the skull.	occipital
The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the	pubic symphysis.
The very small bone that lies just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone is the	lacrimal
Which of the following is(are) not in the appendicular skeleton? vertebrae tarsals femur clavicle	vertebrae
What structures normally hold the foot bones firmly in their arched positions?"	ligaments and tendons
The extracellular components of bone matrix are	hard and calcified.
Anatomically speaking, which bones compose the wrist?	carpals
The pectoralis major muscle is an example of a _____ muscle.	convergent
Another name for a sphincter muscle is a _____ muscle.	circular
A muscle is attached to the femur and tibia. Its function or action is to bend the knee. When it contracts, it is acting as the:	prime mover.
The action of the brachialis muscle is to _____ the forearm.	flex
Just as individual bones are the organs of the skeletal system, individual muscles are the organs of the muscular system.	True
The linea alba is a band of connective tissue that runs over the rectus abdominis from the xiphoid process to the pubis.	True
Muscles may be named according to:	function. direction of fibers. points of attachment.
Which of the following body systems assists the muscles in maintaining posture? Digestive Endocrine Excretory	All of the above
One of the components of the blood-brain barrier is:	astrocytes.
Most unipolar neurons are usually:	Most unipolar neurons are usually:
Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact and the fibers have:	a neurilemma.
Which is true of a reflex arc?	It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron.
Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are called:	nuclei.
Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? Water Carbon dioxide Glucose Dopamine	Dopamine
The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system consist of the ________ nervous systems.	sympathetic and parasympathetic
A neuron that has only one axon but several dendrites is classified as a _____ neuron.	multipolar
Which of the following is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve?	Zygomatic nerve
Beta receptors:	bind norepinephrine.
Some parasympathetic postganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in nuclei in the brainstem.	False
There are _____ ventricles in the brain.	four
The part(s) of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is (are) the:	limbic system.
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal, and _____, and is absorbed back into the blood.	subarachnoid space
Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months?	the thyroid
Receptors for hearing are located in the	cochlear duct.
The nerve carrying taste information from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is the	facial.
Which of the following endocrine glands develops primarily from the endoderm of the pharynx? pineal anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary adrenal medulla thyroid and parathyroids	thyroid and parathyroids
The anatomical stalk of the pituitary is also known as	infundibulum.
Endocrine gland of the thorax that is also important in immune function.	thymus gland
The hormone produced by the heart	increases the excretion of sodium in the urine.
The type of membranous tissue that lines the heart and blood vessels is the	endothelium.
A glycoprotein hormone that is secreted to increase oxygen concentration in the tissues is	erythropoietin.
From which vessels do myocardial cells receive blood?	coronary arteries
Which division of the autonomic nervous system sends fibers to the heart?	sympathetic parasympathetic
Which of the following is not a formed element found in the blood?	plasma
Blood flow from the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body and back to the heart is referred to as _____ circulation.	systemic
Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as:	hematopoietic stem cells.
About half of the lymph flowing through the thoracic duct comes from the:	iver. small intestine.
Lymphatics resemble veins except that lymphatics: have thinner walls. contain more valves. contain lymph nodes located at certain intervals along their course.	All of the above are correct.
The main difference between the composition of lymph and interstitial fluid and the composition of plasma is the _____ percentage of _____ in lymph and interstitial fluid.	lower; proteins
The primary organ of the lymphatic system is the	thymus.
Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the:	small intestine.
Interferon inhibits the spread of:	viruses. cancer
Antibodies are proteins of the family called	immunoglobulins.
Which of the following is not an accessory structure of the respiratory system?	Trachea
In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the:	horizontal fissure.
Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects?	The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus.
The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the:	cricoid cartilage.
All of the following are true regarding the structure of Surfactant except:	Produced in the main stem bronchus
The small, leaf-shaped cartilage behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the:	epiglottis
The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the:	oropharynx.
The hard palate consists of portions of:	four bones: two maxillae and two palatines.
Surgical removal of the gallbladder is referred to as:	cholecystectomy.
Which of the following salivary glands produces only a mucus type of saliva?	Sublinguals
Bile is secreted by:	hepatic cells.
The longest portion of the small intestine is the:	ileum.
After leaving the stomach, food enters the:	small intestine.
The calyces of the kidney join together to form a large collection reservoir called the:	renal pelvis.
Urine is conducted from the kidney to the urinary bladder through a tube called the:	ureter.
The mechanism for voiding begins with:	the relaxation of the internal sphincter.
Which of the following ions is not normally secreted into the distal or collecting tubules? Potassium Hydrogen Ammonium Sodium	sodium
Urine formation involves all the following processes except:	catabolism.
Which of the following is not a normal function of the kidneys? Synthesize prostaglandins Regulate blood sugar Produce hormones Regulate blood electrolytes	Regulate blood sugar
Approximately how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute?	1200 ml
ADH has the greatest effect on the reabsorption of water in the:	distal tubule.
The portion of the nephron tubule that is essentially always impermeable to water is the:	ascending nephron loop.
The octet rule refers to the:	stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level.
The kind of element is determined by the number of:	protons
Of the many different kinds of protein compounds in the body, which is the most abundant? elastin collagen reticular adipose	collagen
The union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the epithelial membrane. serous membrane. interstitial membrane. basement membrane.	basement membrane.
Which of these pelvic bones is the most anteriorly placed? pubis ischium ilium coccygeal	pubis
If you are working on an archeological dig and find the remains of a human pelvis with a subpubic angle of 110 degrees, you can assume that this pelvis belongs to a	female
Why are the last two pairs of false ribs designated as floating ribs?	floating ribs do not attach even indirectly to the sternum
Am ionic bond is formed by:	a positive and a negative ion attracting each other
The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it breaking too easily?	Cholesterol
which of the following is not a muscle that moves the foot? Sartorius Peroneus longus tibialis anterior soleus	sartorius
the Achilles tendon is common to both the gastrocnemius and soleus	True
The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the:	anterior medial surface of the forearm
which of the following muscles does not move the upper arm pectoralis major latissimus dorsi deltoid trapezius	trapezius
The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: somatic nervous system. autonomic nervous system. central nervous system. afferent division.	somatic nervous system.
The autonomic nervous system does not stimulate: skeletal muscles smooth muscles glands cardiac muscle	skeletal muscles
nterneurons reside in the: CNS and PNS CNS only PNS only none of the above	CNS only
Which is not true of the myelin sheath? its associated with white fibers in the brain its important for nerve impuse condution it cover cell bodies in the brain and spinal cord its destroyed in those with MS	it covers cell bodies in the brain and spinal cord
the sensory cranial nerves include only the: optic, vestibulocochlear, and vagus olfactory, otic and facial olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear optic, facial, vestibulocochlear	olfactory, optic, and facial
parasympathetic neuron cell bodies are located in: white columns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord the lateral gray columns of thoracic segments of the spinal cord nuclei of the braistem and lateral gray colums of the sacral cord colateral gan	nuclei of the brainstem and the lateral gray columns of the sacral cord
a patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and the posterior surface of the thigh and leg. the spinal nerve or peripheral branch most likely involved with this conditions the _____ plexus	Coccygeal
The areas specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in 10% population 50% population 90% population all people	90% of population
which plexus contains nerves that innervate the lower part of the shoulder and the entire arm? Brachial cervical lumbar sacral	brachial
which of the following statements does not correctly describe the spiral orang or corti?	The tectorial membrane bends with vibrations whereas the basilar membrane is rigid and fixed.

Region of the adrenal cortex that secretes DHEA zona fasiculata zona glomerulosa zona reticularis tuber cinerum chrommafin cells	zona reticularis
the structural components of the circulatory system include the	heart and blood vessels
the lymphatic system like the circulatory system is a close circuit	true
Each cortical nodule is composed of packed lymphocytes that surround a less dense are called a	germinal center
the approx length of the trachea, or windpipe is ___ cm	11cm
the eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the	nasopharynx
which of the following salivary glands produces only a mucus type of saliva? sublinguals parotids submandibulars	sublinguals
The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called:	Papillae
microvilli can be found in the: stomach small intestine large intestine	small and large intestine
which of the following is not a lobe of the liver? right lobe medial lobe left lobe caudate lobe quadrate lobe	medial lobe
a portion of the nephron that can lie within the medulla is the:	nephron loop
in the kidney, blood flows from the interlobular artery into the:	afferent arteriole
A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is: sagittal. median. coronal. transverse.	coronal
An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. electrons protons neutrons both protons and neutrons	Neutrons
Which of the following represents properties of water? high specific heat high heat of vaporization strong polarity all of the above	all of the above All of the above
Which of the following bonds are the weakest? Ionic Hydrogen Electrovalent Covalent	Hydrogen
Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called: cilia. flagella. microvilli. microtubules.	cilia
Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: microfilaments. chromatin. nucleotides. microtubules.	chromatin
The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. centrosome cytoskeleton centriole ribosome	centrosome
Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: gap junctions. desmosomes. tight junctions. adhesions.	desmosomes
Which of the following is not a principal type of tissue? cardiac epithelial nervous connective muscle	cardiac
Which of the following tissues lack a direct blood supply and consequently heals very slowly? bone muscle adipose cartilage	cartilage
Around the sixth month of pregnancy, the developing fetus is almost entirely covered by a fine soft hair coat called the lanugo. papilla. vellus. sebum.	lanugo
Which two bones compose the shoulder girdle? humerus and ulna ulna and clavicle clavicle and scapula humerus and scapula	clavicle and scapula
The most common type of cartilage is elastic. hyaline. fibrocartilage. chondrocytes.	hyaline
Which of the following is a bone in the axial skeleton? vertebra tarsal femur clavicle	vertebra
Fascia is a general term for the fibrous connective tissue found under the skin and around muscle.	True
The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the: biceps brachii. triceps brachii. supinator. brachialis.	triceps brachii
The prime mover can also be called the: antagonist. agonist. fixator. synergist.	agonist
Most muscles span a joint.	True
Skeletal muscles constitute approximately ____ of our body weight. 10% 25% 50% 75%	50%
The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? Rectus Oblique Femoris	Both A and C
A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system is called a(n): motor neuron. sensory neuron. interneuron. bipolar neuron.	sensory neuron.
Dendrites conduct impulses _____ cell bodies. toward away from within None of the above is correct.	toward
Nerves that contain mostly afferent fibers are called _____ nerves. sensory motor mixed Schwann	sensory
The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone is the: pia mater. arachnoid membrane. dura mater. None of the above is correct.	dura mater
Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? Most decussate. Most inhibit the lower motor neuron. They are referred to as pyramidal pathways. They originate in the cerebral cortex.	most inhibit the lower motor neuron
The peripheral nervous system includes: only spinal nerves. only spinal nerves and their branches. only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches. cranial nerves, the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and their branches.	only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches.
Spinal nerves are _____ fibers. only sensory only motor completely autonomic motor and sensory	motor and sensory
All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except:	They have long fibers from the CNA to ganglion
The main divisions of the central nervous system are the: brain, spinal cord, and autonomic nerves. brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. brain and spinal cord. sensory division and motor division.	brain and spinal cord.
The spinal tract is located on the side of the cord, originates in the brain, and terminates in the spinal cord in the _____ tract. lateral corticospinal ventral spinothalamic dorsal corticospinal lateral spinothalamic	lateral corticospinal
The lumbar plexus gives rise to the _____ nerve. median phrenic femoral None of the above is correct.	femoral
Endolymph is made from perilymph. in the scala vestibuli. in the stria vascularis. from the dura mater.	in the stria vascularis.
Endolymph-filled structure containing receptors for hearing. saccule vestibule semicircular canals cochlear duct utricle	cochlear duct
Membrane attached to the stapes. tectorial membrane oval window pharyngotympanic tympanic membrane round window	oval window
Bony labyrinth structure containing the utricle and saccule. vestibule macula densa macula lutea scala vestibule ora serrate	vestibule
The _____ is(are) supplied with blood from the left subclavian artery. spinal cord and brain fingers head and upper extremities lower torso	head and upper extremities
The brachiocephalic vein drains blood from the right posterior wall of the thorax and abdomen. head, neck, and upper extremity. kidneys. lower trunk and extremity.	head, neck, and upper extremity.
The heart valves that are located where the trunk of the pulmonary artery joins the right ventricle and where the aorta joins the left ventricle are called	semilunar valves.
Lymph ducts empty into the circulatory system, draining into the: jugular vein. subclavian veins. superior vena cava. inferior vena cava.	subclavian veins
Which of the following is a true statement?	Lymph from the entire body, except the upper right quadrant, drains eventually into the thoracic duct
Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with: bone marrow. a serous fluid. mucus. air.	air.
Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx?	Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares
The divisions of the thoracic cavity include all of the following except the: left pleural cavity. right pleural cavity. respiratory cavity. mediastinum.	respiratory cavity.
The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following structures except the: larynx. trachea. oropharynx. nasopharynx.	trachea.
The extrinsic tongue muscles differ from the intrinsic tongue muscles in that the _____ outside the tongue.	extrinsic muscles insert into the tongue but have their origin
The right angle between the transverse colon and the ascending colon is the: costal angle. hepatic flexure. left colonic bend. splenic flexure.	hepatic flexure
The fan-shaped projection of peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the: visceral peritoneum. greater omentum. lesser omentum. mesentery.	mesentery.
The substance most often measured to determine normal kidney function is: creatinine. glucose. sodium. potassium.	creatinine.
Which hormone tends to decrease the amount of urine produced? ANH Aldosterone ADH Both B and C	Both B and C
There are how many openings in the urinary bladder? One Two Three Four	three
Which of these statements is not true of the kidney? The kidney is usually located next to the vertebrae from T12 to L3. The kidney is retroperitoneal. The kidney is protected by a heavy layer of fat. All of the above are true of the kidney.	all of the above are true
Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life? Digestion Balance Conductivity Circulation Reproduction	Conductivity
The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? Cholesterol Protein Phospholipids Glycoproteins	Phospholipids
Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? Golgi apparatus Ribosome Mitochondria Both A and B	Ribosome
The structure that lies deep to the dermis and forms a connection between the skin and the underlying structures of the body is the hypodermis. hyperdermis. cleavage line. dermal papillae.	hypodermis
Which of the following contains intercalated disks? smooth muscle striated muscle cardiac muscle blood	striated muscle
The basic determinant of skin color is keratin. mucus. melanin. tyrosine.	melanin
The epidermis is composed of several types of epithelial cells. One type, called keratinocytes, become filled with a tough, fibrous protein called melanin. keratin. stratum lucidum. eleidin.	keratin
Fibrocartilage can be found in the articular surfaces. middle ear. nasal cavity. symphysis pubis.	symphysis pubis.
The muscle that extends and adducts the arm is the: deltoid. latissimus dorsi. trapezius. pectoralis minor.	deltoid.
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is an example of a muscle named for its: function. number of attachments. size. points of attachment.	points of attachment.
In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to above the head, which of the following muscles is least utilized? Triceps brachii Biceps brachii Deltoid	Biceps brachii
Which of the following statements about the muscles of the thorax is incorrect?	All of the above statements are correct.
Which of the following muscles does not move the upper arm? Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Trapezius	Trapezius
The nervous system can be divided: according to its structure. according to direction of information flow. by control of effectors. in all of the above ways.	in all of the above ways.
The nervous system is organized to do which of the following? Detect changes in the external environment. Detect changes in the internal environment. Evaluate changes in the environment. All of the above are true.	All of the above are true.
Multipolar neurons have: multiple axons and multiple dendrites. multiple axons and one dendrite. multiple dendrites and one axon. one dendrite and one axon.	multiple dendrites and one axon.
The cervical plexus: is found deep in the neck. is formed by the ventral rami of the first four cervical nerves and part of C5. includes the phrenic nerve. All of the above are correct.	All of the above are correct.
The phrenic nerve is found in the _____ plexus. cervical brachial lumbar sacral	cervical
Largest purely endocrine gland in the body. hypophysis adrenal gland thymus gland thyroid gland pancreas	pancreas
Region of the hypophysis that contains secretory endocrine cells derived from the oral ectoderm. infundibulum pars tuberalis adenohypophysis tuber cinerum neurohypophysis	adenohypophysis
Gustatory cells are located in all of the following areas except on the posterior wall of the pharynx. on the fungiform papillae of the anterior tongue. on the apical surface of vallate papillae on the tongue. on the inner surface of the cheeks.	on the inner surface of the cheeks.
Melanin-containing layer of the eye's vascular tunic. cornea lens choroid ciliary body sclera	lens
During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs?	foramen ovale
Each cortical nodule is composed of packed lymphocytes that surround a less dense area called a germ center. trabecula. lymph node. germinal center.	germ center.
The tonsils located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity are called the _____ tonsils. palatine pharyngeal lingual laryngeal	palatine
Which of the following is not lined with a ciliated mucous membrane? Vestibule Posterior nares Trachea Primary bronchi	Posterior nares
Olfactory epithelium is found: lining the nasopharynx. covering the superior turbinate. lining the paranasal sinuses. in all of the above.	in all of the above.
The most essential part of bile is: bile salts. bile pigments. cholesterol. bilirubin.	bile salts.
One difference between the male urethra and the female urethra is the male urethra is: shorter. part of two different body systems. unique in that there are no additional ducts that merge with it. both B and C.	unique in that there are no additional ducts that merge with it.
Which structure of the kidney narrows as it exits the kidney to become the ureter? Renal pyramids Renal pelvis Renal columns Hilum	Renal pelvis

Created by: maxmduenas

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