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S8 Periodic Table

Science 8 The Periodic Table

TermDefinition
Scientist who discovered the periodic table Dmitri Mendeleev
atomic mass the average number of protons and neutrons in all isotopes of an element
periodic table a chart showing all the elements arranged according to the repeating pattern of their properties
chemical symbol a one- or two-letter abbreviation for the element
atomic number the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
the element with 20 electrons Calcium
the element with 2 protons and 2 neutrons Helium
the element with an atomic mass of 35 Chlorine
the element with 5 neutrons Berilium
period a row in the periodic table
the number of periods in the periodic table seven
lanthanides rare earth metals, #57-71
actinides radioactive elements, #89-103
transuranium elements the elements that come after uranium in the periodic table, most of which do not occur in nature
group a column in the periodic table, a family of elements
the number of groups in the periodic table eighteen
alkali metals group 1, very reactive metals (not found as free elements in nature - only in compounds), can be soft and shiny
alkaline earth metals group 2, harder and denser metals, quite reactive, not found in nature - only combined with other things
transition metals the metals in groups 3-12, most are hard and shiny solids with high melting points; some are found in nature
boron family group 13, metalloids, boron and then post-transition metals
carbon family group 14, carbon is a nonmetal, rest are metalloids
nitrogen family group 15, two nonmetals: nitrogen and phosphorus
oxygen family group 16, three nonmetals: oxygen (gas), sulfur, and selenium, two metalloids: tellurium and polonium
hydrogen not in a group, the element with the simplest atoms
halogen family group 17, nonmetals: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine; salt-forming
noble gases group 18, not very reactive
Created by: mrdavis190
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