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Age of Revolutions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Concert of Europe | the conservative system of government that dominated most of Europe in the 1800s |
| Conservatives | favored monarchy, powerful Church, and social hierarchy |
| Liberals | favored constitutional government that promoted natural rights, separation of powers, free markets, and suffrage |
| Suffrage | right to vote |
| Laissez-faire | leave it alone/let it be - belief that govt should not interfere with economy |
| Empire | political entity that includes multiple cultural groups |
| Nationalism | strong sense of shared national identity |
| Milos Obrenovic | led Serbian revolution against Ottoman Empire |
| July Revolution | Second French Revolution in 1830 |
| Citizen King | nickname for Louis Philippe, who came to power from the July Revolution |
| Klemens von Metternich | Conservative Austrian statesman, central figure in the conservative Concert of Europe |
| Belgium | gained independence from the Netherlands in 1831 |
| November Uprising | Poles attempt to revolt against Russian rule |
| February Days | French revolt against Louis Philippe, leads to Second French Republic |
| June Days | revolt led by French working-class |
| Louis Napoleon | nephew of Napoleon, becomes President and later Emperor of France |
| Peninsulares | Spanish-born Latin Americans, dominated Latin American society |
| Creoles | European-descended Latin Americans |
| Mestizos | mix of Native American and European descent |
| Mulattos | mix of African and European descent |
| Simon Bolivar | creole military leader who led the independence movements for most of South America, nicknamed "the Liberator" |
| Toussaint L’Ouverture | leader of the Haitian Revolution |
| Miguel Hidalgo | priest who led the Mexican War of Independence |
| Agustin Iturbide | leader of the Mexican War of Independence, crowned first Emperor of Mexico |
| Dom Pedro | son of Portuguese King, oversaw Brazilian independence as Emperor of Brazil |
| Gran Colombia | new nation in South America created by Simon Bolivar |
| Congress of Vienna | meeting of European leaders after defeat of Napoleon to restore order and balance of power |
| ideology | set of beliefs or ideas |