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Adv. Chem Midterm
Chem midterm definitions I think might be useful but idk
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| accuracy | how close results are to the correct value |
| precision | how close results are to each other |
| physical property | property that can be observed without a chemical change |
| chemical property | ability to undergo a chemical change |
| physical reaction | no change in composition |
| chemical reaction | change in composition |
| homogeneous mixture | uniform mixture |
| heterogeneous mixture | nonuniform mixture |
| element | one type of atom |
| compound | two or more types of atoms |
| pure substance | one type of molecule |
| mixture | multiple types of molecules |
| density | mass over volume |
| proton | positive particle |
| neutron | neutral particle |
| electron | negative particle |
| isotope | atom with a different number of neutrons |
| electron cloud | negatively charged area |
| nucleus (atom) | densely packed protons and neutrons |
| ionic bond | bond between a metal and a nonmetal |
| covalent bond | bond between two nonmetals |
| anion | negative ion |
| cation | positive ion |
| oxidation-reduction reaction | |
| combustion reaction | |
| decomposition reaction | |
| single replacement reaction | |
| double replacement reaction | |
| synthesis reaction | |
| aqueous solution | |
| balanced equation | |
| mole | large amount |
| oxidizing agent | |
| reducing agent | |
| atomic radius | |
| ionization energy | |
| electronegativity | |
| electron affinity | |
| valence electrons | electrons in the highest energy level |
| diamagnetic | |
| paramagnetic | |
| orbital | |
| alpha particle emission | helium nucleus given off |
| beta particle emission | |
| positron emission | |
| electron capture | inner electron absorbed into nucleus |
| gamma ray emission | emission of rays of energy |
| half life | time it takes half a substance to decay |
| nuclear fusion | |
| nuclear fission | |
| control rods | rods that absorb neutrons |
| fuel rods | rods of radioactive material |
| meltdown | |
| nuclear moderation | slowing down neutrons to hit atoms |