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Unit 4: Bonding

Chemical Bonding

TermDefinition
Cation A positively charged ion
Anion A negatively charged ion
ionic bond Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
covalent bond A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
ion A charged atom
octet rule States that atoms lose, gain or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons
polyatomic ion a tightly bound group of atoms (covalently bonded) that behaves as a unit and has a positive or negative charge
metallic bond a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them
double covalent bond a bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons
triple covalent bond a bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons
hydrogen bond Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom. Strongest IMF.
dipole-dipole interactions Type of intermolecular force in which opposite poles of neighboring dipole molecules are drawn together. (+ and - attract)
Lewis Dot Diagram A method for representing an atom's valence electrons using dots around the element symbol.
London dispersion forces An IMF where the closer together the molecules are the stronger the forces of attraction. Larger mass also means stronger force of attraction.
polar covalent bond unequal sharing of electrons between two nuclei (no symmetry)
nonpolar covalent bond equal sharing of two electrons between two nuclei (symmetrical)
multiple covalent bonds a double or triple covalent bond - one pair of electrons for each bond
chemical bond the force that holds two atoms together
Electronegativity A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
Created by: LMerritt
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