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Bio Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tritiated hydrogen differs from hydrogen in that. | tritiated hydrogen has 2 more neutrons than hydrogen. |
| The nucleus of an atom is composed of | protons and neutrons |
| The portion of an amino acid that makes the amino acid unique among the 20 different amino acids is | the side chain or R-group |
| Why would a diet containg unsaturated fats that form triglycerides be better for an athlete when considering energy levels and health? | Saturated fats are packed closer together, making their breakdown for energy release less efficient and forming unnecessary fat deposits |
| Identify the nonlipid molecule | glycogen |
| What structure best represents a polymer | a protein |
| Which of the following correctly describes bases that pair with each other in the DNA double helix | cytosine bonds with guanine |
| When one atom loses an electron to another atom, it results in the formation of | a cation and an anion that can form an ionic bond |
| Select the statement that is true when comparing solutions with a PH of 6 and a PH of 8 | the solution with a PH of 6 has 100 times higher concentration of hydrogen ions than a solution with a PH of 8 |
| The substance most rich in unsaturated fats is | olive oil |
| You have been asked to synthesize a new isotope for cadmium. Which part of the original atom would you need to manipulate in order to create an isotope? | neutrons |
| The largest molecule of the following is | a polysaccharide |
| An amino acid is to a protein as a ____ is to a nucleic acid | nucleotide |
| Glycogen is to animal cells as ____ is to plant cells | starch |
| Identify the ion from belowz | Ca2+ |
| If a persons ability to form steroids was destroyed, what function would be affected? | estrogen would no longer be produced in the body |
| A phospholipid has ___ fatty acids attached to glycerol, where as a fat has ____ | 2;3 |
| Acetic acid gives vinegar its sour taste. The functional group of this acid is | -COOH |
| What type of bonds form from the unequal sharing of electrons? | polar covalent |
| The functional group that characterizes an alcohol is | -OH |
| The structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats causes what type of change at room temperature | Linear structure of a fatty acid causes solid formation at room temperature |
| All organic molecules contain | hydrogen and carbon |
| What makes phospholipds good at forming cellular membranes | the polar and nonpolar regions create an amphipathic bilayer of phospholipids |
| If a specimen contains 30% adenine in its DNA, how much cytosine will it contain | 20% |
| Based on the colligative properties of water, what would happen if one were to add a solute to water | both the freezing point of water would decrease and the boiling point of water would increase |
| The least hydrophilic substance is | oil |
| Organic molecules with identical molecular formulas and mirror-image structures are reffered to as | enantiomers |
| Carbon has 4 electrons and hydrogen has 1 electron in its outermost electron shell. A carbon atom can form covalent bonds with how many hydrogen atoms | 4 |
| The major class of macromolecules that stores energy and makes up the major component of plasma membrane are | lipids |
| A dehydration reaction | is used to form polymers |
| You notice that the majority of the electrons in NaCl spend their time around the chlorine. You also notice that the electrons in H2 are evenly distributed among the 2 atoms. Which 2 types of bonds are represented in these molecules | ionic bonds in NaCl; covalent bonds in H2 |
| The first, innermost energy shell of an atom | can have a maximum of 2 electrons |
| Which feature of carbon makes the formation of complex molecules that form life possible | carbon forms up to 4 covalent bonds |
| The most significant role played by PH buffers is to | limit major shifts in the amount of H+ and OH in solution |
| Nitrogen has 7 electrons and can form a maximum of ____ bonds with other elements | 3 |
| Sickle cell anemia is a condition in which red blood cell exhibit a characteristic "sickle" shape. This arises from a mutation or change in one of the amino acids found in hemoglobin. A single amino acid mutation would directly affect protei __ structure | primary |
| Carbohydrates assembly occurs by | a dehydration reaction between monosaccharides that form polysaccharides and disaccharides |
| The most accurate nucleotide base composition of the DNA double helix is | T+G=A+C |
| A proteins ___ structure contains helixs and sheets that result from hydrogen bonding between carboxyl and amino groups of the polypeptide chain | secondary |
| Amphipathic means | possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties |
| The atomic number of an atom is | the number of protons in the atom |
| Carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities and combine together to form hydrocarbon molecules. What type of bonds form between these atoms | nonpolar covalent |
| Which of the elements below is most abundant in living organisms | hydrogen |
| 2 molecules with identical molecular formulas but differnt structures are called | isomers |
| The key structural difference between DNA and RNA is | as their names indicate, DNA contains deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains ribose. Thus, DNA contains a different sugar than RNA |
| When placed in a aqueous solution, amphipathic molecules will orient themselves with | hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains in the middle and hydrophilic head groups facing the water |
| The addition of a strong acid like HCI to an aqueous solution would result in | both the release of H+ and a decrease in PH |
| Water has a PH of 7 and water has fewer hydrogen atoms than lemon juice. Predict what will happen to the PH level of water when lemon juice is added | the PH will become lower |
| In water, MgCl2 dissociates into Mg2+ and Cl. Based on this information what type of bond is involved in the formation of MgCl2? | ionic |
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ayannanicole