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phy first answers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the kepler model of the solar system is | sun centered with elliptical planetary orbits |
| choose the correct sequence of electromagnetic radiations in order of increasing wavelengths | radio ir visible uv |
| an astronomical unit or 1 au is a unit of | length the average distance between the sun and earth |
| in modern astronomy the constellations are | 88 regions of sky covering the entire sky |
| according to keplers second law an object in an elliptical orbit around the sun is traveling fastest when it is at what position | perihelion closest to the sun |
| how many tidal bulges are there on earth due to the moons gravitational pull | two one facing almost directly toward the moon and one facing almost directly away from the moon |
| to which point in a planetary orbit does the word perihelion refer | the point closest to the sun |
| one arcminute is equal to | 1/60 arcsecond |
| one light year is the | time taken for earth to orbit the sun once |
| the average distance from earth to the sun can be written in shorthand notation as | 1.496 x 10 to the 8 km |
| the person who first showed that planetary orbits are ellipses was | kepler |
| the eccentricity of a planets orbit describes | its shape compared to that of a circle |
| choose the correct sequence of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing wavelengths | radio ir visible and uv |
| the moon rotates around its own axis in the same length of time that it takes to orbit once around earth this equality of rotation period and orbital period which results in the same side of the moon facing earth at all times is called | synchronous rotation |
| an underlying theme of astronomy is that the | fundamental physical laws governing the universe change in a predictable way with increasing distance from earth |
| the ecliptic is defined as the | line in the sky that is perpendicular to earth spin axis |
| which of the following is the correct sequence of appearances of moon phases in the sky | new moon waning cresent first quarter and full moon |
| what is one fundamental difference between x rays and radio waves | their wavelengths are very different |
| keplers third law states that | the square of the orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of its mean distance from the sun |
| the celestial equator is defined as the | extension into space of earths equator |
| the sidereal period of a planet is defined as the time between | two successive passages of the planet in front of a particular point in the sky as seen from the sun |
| one major contribution of ptolemy to the development of astronomy was to | derive a mathematical model for the solar system in which planets move around earth in elliptical orbits moving fastest when closest to earth |
| the constellation whose stars are used as pointers to the north celestial pole in the northern hemisphere is | ursa minor the little bear containing the bright star polaris |
| there is about a 5 degree angle between the orbit of the moon and the | plane of the ecliptic or earths orbit |
| an ideal blackbody in physics and astronomy is an object that | absorbs and emits electromagnetic radiation in at all wavelengths |
| the reason earth experiences seasons is that | earths rotation axis is not perpendicular to the ecliptic and the direction in which this axis points changes with time |
| earths shadow falling on the moon is the reason we see | lunar eclipses |
| who was the person to suggest that light is made of particles | isaac newton |
| radio waves travel through space at what speed | at the speed of light 3 times 10 to the 8 |
| at what approximate time does a full moon rise | sunset |
| galileos early observations of the sky with his newly made telescope included the | fact that venus showed phases similar to those of the moon |
| in ptolemys geocentric theory of the solar system what name is given to the large circle centered on earth through which the center of a smaller circle moves as the planet moves around the smaller circle | epicycle |
| the two angles used by astronomers to define the position of a star in the sky and define a coordinate system applicable anywhere on earth are | right ascension and declination |
| the scientific method is a major force in science and has been developed to ensure that | theories about physical phenomena agree with what we find in experiments and observations |
| keplers first law states that the orbit of a planet about the sun is at | ellipse with the sun at one focus |
| the copernican system for planetary mission is | sun centered with planets moving in perfect circles around the sun |
| how many forces need to be applied to a body in space to keep it moving with a constant velocity | no forces |
| the vernal equinox is one time of the year when the sun | crosses the celestial equator |
| when observing planetary motions from earth the phrase retrograde motion refers to | the apparent westward motion of the planet along with the sun the moon and stars across the sky due to the rotation of earth |
| which of the following points remains fixed in the sky relative to an observers horizons | north celestial pole |
| a solar day is the time it takes earth to rotate around its axis between two consecutive solar positions a sidereal day is the time it takes earth to rotate around its axis between two consecutive positions of a distant star which is longer | a solar day is always longer |
| the zenith defines a direction | vertically above an observer |
| the phrase diurnal motion refers to the | gradual motion of the constellations from east to west across the sky each night resulting in different constellations being visible at 4 am than at 10 pm on any given night |
| the kelvin scale measures | temperature in celsius sized degrees above absolute zero |
| suppose that a planet of the same mass as earth were orbiting the sun at a distance of 10 au the gravitational force on this planet due to the sun would be | 1/100 the gravitational force that the sun exerts on the earth |
| the term sidereal month refers to the | time over which the moon completes on orbit around earth relative to the stars |
| modern science is founded | only upon developments since isaac newton and his contemporaries |
| precession is | the slow coning motion of the spin axis of earth similar to that of a spinning top |
| one important characteristic of a scientific theory is that it | can be tested by obersvation |
| when jupiter is at opposition it rises at | sunset |
| newton in his second law of motion stated that ny body of mass acted on by a force | will also have acting on it an equal and opposite force where f=ma and a is the acceleration |
| eratosthenes an astronomer in ancient greece measured the radius of earth by making observations of | relative times of arrival of the sun due south of an observer at two positions on earth |
| in ancient greece the philosopher aristotle held the idea that | earth is only one of hundreds of planets scattered throughout the galaxy |
Created by:
nicoler43