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pharmcology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The science dealing with the nature, effects, uses, and origin of drugs is called | Pharmcology |
| Any characteristic that makes a drug undesirable or improper is its | contraindications |
| All of the following describe pharmacokinetics EXCEPT excretion. metabolism. absorption. filtration. | filtration |
| Reaction to a drug that results in respiratory or circulatory collapse is urticaria. anaphylaxis. epistaxis. | anaphylaxis |
| Metformin (Glucophage) is commonly used to treat | type 2 diabetes |
| A drug name that is unique to the drug, as given by the drug’s manufacturer, is called the drug’s _____ name. generic market brand chemical | brand |
| Heart attack patients often take a small tablet of nitroglycerine and put it in their mouth, under their tongue, for quick action. This route of administration is | sublingual |
| All of the following are related EXCEPT intramuscular. intragluteal. subcutaneous. intravenous. | intragluteal. |
| An injection that is given to a patient relies on a(n) _____ route of administration. | parental |
| When venipuncture is performed for contrast medium administration | the veins of the arms are preferred. |
| Sites commonly used for venipuncture include the _____ vein(s). 1. basilic 2. iliac 3. cephalic 4. carotid 5. brachiocephalic | basilic and cephalic |
| The abbreviation IM means | intramuscular |
| All of the following are true of the milliliter unit of measurement EXCEPT it is a metric unit of volume measurement. is equivalent to 1 cc. represents 1/10 of a liter (L). is equivalent to 1/1000 of a cubic centimeter. | represents 1/10 of a liter (L). it actually represents 1/1000 of a liter. |
| Drugs intended for single use by parenteral administration are typically contained in a(n) | ampule (an ampule is a sealed glass container designed to hold a single dose of a drug and is intended for use only once.) |
| When performing a venipuncture for intravenous drug administration, | it is important to remember that older patients’ veins tend to roll and are more fragile. |
| The use of contrast material as a means for visualizing human anatomy has a long history. Regardless of the type of contrast media, the purpose for using contrast media is to | enhance the low subject contrast of anatomic structures. |
| Contrast agents can be generally classified as | positive and negative |
| Negative contrast agents | have low atomic numbers |
| Positive contrast agents have high atomic numbers. appear white on radiographs because of the degree of attenuation. have a tendency to absorb x-ray photon energy to a great extent. All of the above are correct. | all of the above |
| When a nonionic contrast agent is injected into an artery such as the carotid, visualization of the artery occurs because | iodine in the contrast agent mixes with blood and makes the artery radiopaque. |
| A reaction to the procedure rather than the contrast material is called: | vasovagal reaction |
| reactions that are expected, predictable, and not detrimental to the health of the patient are considered to be: | side effects |
| Which of the following would be considered a severe reaction to contrast material? pain at the injection site headaches seizures bradycardia | seizures |
| Ionic contrast is similar in makeup to blood plasma. true or false? | false. nonionic is. |
| Radiopaque contrast media do cross the placental barrier. true or false? | true |
| An integral component of contrast material that determines its radiopacity is: anion iodine cation sulfate | iodine |
| Contrast media is considered to be a drug because it is a foreign body. true or false | false because it is absorbed into the systemic circulation |
| Radiopaque contrast media are not available in enteral form; they are available in parenteral form only. true or false? | false they are also available in oral form. |
| All positive contrast material , except barium, contains iodine. true or false? | true |
| All of the following are positive contrast agents except: nonionic contrast barium sulfate gastrogafin air | air |
| Drugs that are commonly used for the treatment of high cholesterol are referred to as statins. antihyperlipidemic agents. Lipitor or Zocor. all of the above. | all of the above |
| A drug agent that promotes bowel evacuation is a(n) | laxative |
| Drugs that relieve pain without causing a loss of consciousness are called analgesics. anesthetics. antibiotics. antiemetics. | analgesics. |
| Patients with congestive heart failure and lymphedema are typically prescribed a diuretic. furosemide. Lasix. all of the above. | all of the above |
| n injection that is given to a patient relies on a(n) _____ route of administration. | parental |
| Most adverse reactions to ionic, iodinated contrast agents are caused by | their osmoality |
| An undesirable characteristic of ionic contrast agents is their inertness. neutral osmolality. neutral pH. dissociation into a cation and an anion when dissolved in plasma | dissociation into a cation and an anion when dissolved in plasma |
| What is the term for a negatively charged particle in contrast material? electron cation anion proton | anion |
| Nonionic iodine contrast agents differ from ionic agents in that nonionics do not break down into a cation and an anion. have a low pH. have a small chemical structure and high osmolality. are not triiodinated. | do not break down into a cation and an anion. |
| the ideal iodinated contrast agent would have what characteristic(s)? 1. High osmolality 2. Low osmolality 3. Nonionic chemical structure 4. Water solubility (hydrophilic) 5. Three or more iodine atoms per molecule | 2, 3, 4, and 5 only |
| The osmotic effects of ionic contrast agents are a result of the movement of | water from the body’s cells into the bloodstream, causing increased blood volume and higher blood pressure. |
| Laboratory tests to assess a patient’s BUN and creatinine are used to determine the patient’s | renal function |
Created by:
Alexxzzaa