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sociology final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Social Stratification | a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy, based on four important principals. |
| 1st principal of social stratification | ____ is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences. |
| 2nd principal of social stratification | ____ carries over from generation to generation. |
| Social Mobility | A change in position within the social hierarchy |
| Upward Mobility | when one moves up in fame and/or fortune |
| Downward mobility | when one loses fortune due to illness, divorce or economic issues. |
| Horizontal Mobility | Happens most often, when one switches from one job to another at about the same social level. |
| 3rd principal of social stratification | _____ is universal, but variable. |
| 4th principal of social stratification | _____ involves not just inequality, but beliefs as well. |
| Closed systems. | allow for little change in social position. |
| open systems | permit much more social mobility |
| Meritocracy | refers to social stratification based on personal merit. |
| The Davis-Moore thesis | states social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of society |
| Why industrial workers have not overthrown capitalism | Fragmentation, a higher standard of living, more worker organizations, greater legal |
| Three distinct dimensions of inequality | class positions, status, power |
| Social Conflict Theory | stratification is a division of a society resources that benefits some people and harms others |
| Symbolic interaction theory | stratification is a factor that guides people's intentions in everyday life |
| Conspicuous consumption | refers to buying and using products because of the statement they make about social position. |
| Risk society | people take a wide range of risks that have the potential to jeopardize their health |
| matriarchy | a form of social organization in which females dominate males |
| Gender roles | attitudes and activities that a society links to each sex |
| Sexual Harassment | refers to comments, gestures, or physical contacts of a sexual nature that are deliberate repeated and unwelcome |
| Liberal Feminism | Individuals should be free to develop their own talents and pursue their own interests |
| Socialist Feminism | They believe the family form fostered by capitalism must change in order to replace "domestic slavery" with some collective means of carrying out housework and childcare. |
| Radical Feminism | Believe that patriarchy is so firmly entrenched that even a socialist revolution would not end it. |