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HW ?'sLecture Exam 4
hw for chapters 15,16,17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An area of the retina that contains only cones and is the site of sharpest vision is the | Fovea |
| Before an olfactory receptor can detect an odorant, it has to | bind to receptors in olfactory cilia. |
| Gustatory receptors are located | on the surface of the tongue. |
| Movement of the endolymph in the semicircular canals | signals rotational movements |
| The ________ ear collects sounds waves and transmits them to the ________ ear, which contains auditory ossicles | outer; middle |
| The auditory ossicles connect the | tympanic membrane to the oval window. |
| The external acoustic meatus ends at | the tympanic membrane. |
| The first step in the process of photoreception is | absorption of a photon by a visual pigment. |
| The gelatinous material that gives the eyeball its basic shape is the | vitreous humor. |
| The hair cells of the utricle and saccule are clustered in | maculae. |
| The middle ear communicates with the nasopharynx through the | auditory tube |
| The neural tunic of the eye | contains ganglion cells. contains bipolar cells. contains the photoreceptor cells. is the deepest layer of the eyeball. |
| The opening in the iris through which light passes is the | pupil |
| The part of the eye that determines eye color is the | iris |
| The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors in the | inner ear |
| The sensory receptors of the semicircular canals are located in the | ampullae |
| The structure that forms the "roof" of the organ of Corti is the | tectorial membrane. |
| The transparent portion of the fibrous tunic is the | cornea |
| What structure changes the shape of the lens for far and near vision? | ciliary body |
| Which of the following lingual papillae has the largest number of taste buds? | circumvallate papillae |
| A fast-adapting mechanoreceptor in the papillary layer of the dermis that responds to fine touch is a | tactile (Meissner) corpuscle. |
| A fast-adapting tactile receptor that monitors movements across the body surface is a | root hair plexus. |
| A labeled line is | a link between a receptor and a cortical neuron. |
| A sensory receptor characterized peripherally as a free nerve ending and centrally uses glutamate and/or substance P as neurotransmitters, would most likely be a | nociceptor. |
| A very large, fast-adapting tactile receptor that is composed of a single dendrite enclosed by concentric layers of collagen is a | lamellated corpuscle. |
| Endorphins can reduce perception of sensations initiated by | nociceptors |
| Mechanoreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure are called | baroreceptors. |
| Peripheral adaptation ________ the number of action potentials that reach the CNS. | decreases |
| Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called | proprioceptors |
| Tactile receptors composed of capsules that surround a core of collagen fibers intertwined with dendrites are called | Ruffini corpuscles |
| Thalamic neurons that project to the primary sensory cortex are ________ neurons. | third-order |
| The afferent neuron that carries the sensation to the CNS is a ________ neuron. | first-order |
| The general senses | involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure. |
| The spinal tract that carries sensations from proprioceptors to the CNS is the | spinocerebellar |
| The spinal tract that relays information concerning pain and temperature to the CNS is the | lateral spinothalamic |
| The term general senses refers to sensitivity to all of the following | touch. vibration. temperature pain |
| Thermoreceptors | for "cold" are structurally indistinguishable from those for "warm." are found within the dermis. are more numerous for cold than for warm temperatures. are free nerve endings. |
| Which ascending tract carries the sensations for fine touch and vibration? | posterior (dorsal) column |
| Which of the following is not one of the special senses? | vibration |
| Which of the following is sometimes called "prickling pain"? | fast pain |
| A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron. | preganglionic |
| Autonomic tone is an important aspect of ANS function because it | allows ANS neurons to increase or decrease their activity, providing a range of control options. |
| Changes in the central nervous system that accompany aging include | decreased blood flow to the brain. decrease in the number of neurons. changes in synaptic organization in the brain. reduction in brain size and weight. |
| Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia. | chain |
| Conversion of a short-term memory to a long-term memory is called | memory consolidation |
| Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving | both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. |
| During sympathetic activation, ________ occurs. | elevated heart rate elevated blood glucose elevated blood pressure sweating |
| Ganglionic neurons innervate such things as | glands. smooth muscle. adipose tissue. cardiac muscle. |
| Postganglionic fibers release neurotransmitter on peripheral effectors | at pearl-like swellings called varicosities. |
| Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and then synapse on | ganglionic neurons. |
| Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the | lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord. |
| Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that innervate the heart pass through the | cardiac plexus |
| Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are ________ and have ________ axons. | short; myelinated |
| The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during "rest and repose." | parasympathetic |
| The adrenal medullae secrete | both epinephrine and norepinephrine. |
| The celiac ganglia innervate which of the following? | spleen liver stomach pancreas |
| The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state(s)? | digestion |
| The statement "its postganglionic axons always use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter" is | true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. |
| Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion? | celiac ganglion. |
| Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false? | Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long. |
Created by:
knsudderth