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ANATOMY FLASH CARDS
Review of course
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? | Nucleus |
| How do vesicles move from place to place in an organized way within the cell? | Molecular motors pull them along the microtubules and microfilaments of the cytoskeleton |
| The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: | Plasma membrane. |
| The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. | Centrosome |
| A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments. |
| Each hair follicle has a small bundle of involuntary muscles attached to it called the | arrector pili muscle. |
| The two major categories of body membranes are | epithelial and connective. |
| Besides water, extracellular matrix contains | Besides water, extracellular matrix contains |
| Adipose tissue is | A storage tissue |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| Which type of tissue has cube-shaped cells and can be found lining the kidney tubules? | simple cuboidal epithelium |
| The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis. | dermoepidermal |
| The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. | sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous |
| _____ fibers are present in all three types of cartilage, but they are most numerous in fibrocartilage. | Collagenous |
| The medial part of the anterior chest wall is supported by a dagger-shaped bone called the | Sternum |
| Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? | Fontanels |
| Spongy bone is characterized by | open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needle-like structures. |
| The two bones that form the framework for the forearm are the | radius and ulna. |
| Why are the last two pairs of false ribs designated as floating ribs? | Floating ribs do not attach even indirectly to the sternum. |
| The human skeleton system consists of two divisions. They are | axial and appendicular. |
| The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the ___. | trapezius. |
| Muscles may be named according to: | function, direction of fibers, and points of attachment |
| Which of the following is not a posterior muscle that acts on the shoulder girdle? | Pectoralis minor |
| The muscle that allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger is the: | opponens pollicis. |
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the: | anterior medial surface of the forearm. |
| Skeletal muscles constitute approximately ____% of our body weight. | 50% |
| Fascia is a general term for the fibrous connective tissue found under the skin and around muscle. True or False? | True |
| Neurons in the CNS have less chance of regenerating for all of the following reasons except: A) there's no neurolemma in cells of the CNS. B) astrocytes fill in the path of regrowth. All of these lessen the chance of healing in the CNS | There's no neurolemma in cells of the CNS. Astrocytes fill in the path of regrowth. All of these lessen the chance of healing in the CNS |
| In the human nervous system: | there are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons. |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: | somatic nervous system. |
| Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is: | dendrite, cell body, and axon. |
| Most unipolar neurons are usually: | sensory neurons. |
| Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? | Dopamine |
| How many cervical nerve pairs are there? | 7 cervical nerve pairs. |
| Axon terminals that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic terminals. True or False | True |
| The sensory cranial nerves include only the: | olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear. |
| Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves? - Cervical - Brachial - Lumbar - Thoracic | Thoracic |
| The part(s) of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is (are) the: | Limbic System |
| Where is the Endolymph is made? | in the stria vascularis. |
| The hormone produced by the heart | increases the excretion of sodium in the urine. |
| Endolymph-filled structure containing receptors for hearing. | Cochlear Duct |
| Transparent structure of the eye containing regularly aligned collagen fibers. | Cornea |
| Pancreatic cell type that produces insulin. | Beta Cells |
| Which of the following is not part of the flow of taste sensation along the gustatory pathway to the cerebral cortex? | hypothalamic appetite centers |
| Membrane attached to the stapes. | Oval Window |
| The outermost layer of the larger blood vessels is the tunica | adventitia |
| The heart valves that are located where the trunk of the pulmonary artery joins the right ventricle and where the aorta joins the left ventricle are called | semilunar valves. |
| Atria are often called _____ because they receive blood from vessels called veins. | receiving chambers |
| Blood flow from the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body and back to the heart is referred to as _____ circulation. | Systemic |
| The brachiocephalic vein drains blood from the | The brachiocephalic vein drains blood from the |
| The molecule that makes up 95% of the dry weight of each red blood cell and is responsible for the red pigment is | Hemoglobin |
| Which types of arteries are also called conducting arteries and include the aorta? | Elastic Arteries |
| A graphic record of the heart’s electrical activity is a(n) | ECG |
| The structural components of the circulatory system include the: | heart and blood vessels |
| The structure referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is(are) the: | SA node |
| The _____ is(are) supplied with blood from the left subclavian artery. | head and upper extremities |
| Mechanical devices that permit the flow of blood in one direction only are called | Valves |
| Microscopic vessels that carry blood from small arteries to small veins are | Capillaries |
| In _____, blood moves from veins to other veins or arteries to other arteries without passing through an intervening capillary network. | Vascular anastomoses |
| During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs? | Foramen Ovale |
| A type of blood cell produced by lymph nodes is called a(n) | Monocyte |
| Interferon inhibits the spread of: | Viruses and cancer |
| Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. | Cell-Mediated |
| The lymph nodes located just above the bend of the elbow are called the _____ lymph nodes. | Supratrochlear |
| An infection in the thumb may result in enlargement of the _____ nodes. | superficial cubital |
| The main difference between the composition of lymph and interstitial fluid and the composition of plasma is the _____ percentage of _____ in lymph and interstitial fluid. | lower; proteins |
| The size of lymph nodes varies from _____ mm to more than _____ mm in diameter. | 1;20 |
| During their residence in the thymus, pre-T cells develop into _____, cells that proliferate as rapidly as any in the body. | Thymocytes |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | immunoglobulins. |
| Masses of lymphoid tissue located in a protective ring under the mucous membranes in the mouth and the back of the throat are called | Tonsils |
| Lymph ducts empty into the circulatory system, draining into the: | Subclavian Veins |
| The small, leaf-shaped cartilage behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the: | Epiglottis |
| The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium. | pseudostratified columnar |
| The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline partition called the: | Septum |
| Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects? | The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus. |
| The fauces, one of the seven openings found in the pharynx, opens into the: | Oropharynx |
| The smallest branches of the bronchial tree are: | Bronchioles |
| Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx? | Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares |
| The total number of lobes in both lungs is: | 5 |
| Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx? | They serve in voice production. |
Created by:
jgonzales17