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RAD 205
HESI V3 image production
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which mAs setting is most likely to produce quantum mottle? | 2.5 mAs |
| How does aliasing appear radiographically when using computed radiography (CR)? | Two superimposed images, slightly out of alignment |
| Which factors affect spatial resolution in digital imaging (two answers): a. smaller pixels b. greater # of pixels c. increased bit depth d. smaller matrix size e. increased pixel pitch | smaller pixels and greater number of pixels |
| Which effect does switching to the small focal spot size have on the manifest image? | image unsharpness decreases |
| Which substance is added to the x-ray tube housing to increase heat dissipation? | oil |
| A radiograph of optimal density is produced at 15 mAs and a SID of 40 inches. Which mAs value is required to produce the same radiographic density if this exam is repeated with an SID of 48 inches? | 22 |
| Which advantage is gained by increasing the standard source to image receptor distance from 40 inches to 48 inches? | increased image resolution |
| A fixed kVp-variable mA chart recommends exposure factors 70 kVp and 32 mAs for an AP abdomen projection on an average-size patient. Based on this chart, which fixed kVp technique is most appropriate for an AP projection of a double contrast UGI image? | 90 kVp, 8 mAs |
| Which acronym describes a network of computers that manifests digital images? | PACS |
| Which radiopaque marker is image-appropriate after micturition has taken place? | post-void |
| A lateral lumbar spine image was obtained with a field size of 11x14 inches at 95 kVp and AEC with center detector selected. The resulting image demonstrates excessive quantum noise. Which is the most likely for this appearance? | the patient was not accurately centered |
| How does a wide window width affect an image? | decrease contrast |
| Which mA station will result in a mAs value of 44 if the exposure time is 0.11 seconds? | 400 mA |
| Which image, when performed according to normal standards, will demonstrate the greatest magnification of the anatomy of interest? | lateral cervical spine |
| Which term refers to graphical representation of pixel values? | histogram |
| With all other factors remaining the same, which source-to-image receptor distance (SID) results in the greatest exposure to the image receptor (IR)? | 40 inches |
| Which factor will have the greatest impact on decreasing recorded detail or spatial resolution? | motion |
| Which scenario causes foreshortening on the image? | The humerus in contact with the IR, the forearm lifted off the image receptor, and the central ray directed perpendicular to the long axis of the humerus |
| Which is the best way for the radiographer to reduce the effects of patient motion during a radiographic procedure on an adult patient? | explain the procedure prior to beginning |
| Which combination results in an image with the greatest recorded detail? | 2-inch OID, 72-inch SID, 0.6 mm FSS |
| Assuming that AEC is being used, what back-up mAs are sufficient for a large (100 kg) adult AP lumbar spine done at 80 kVp? | 100 mAs |
| Which effect will a low SNR have on the appearance of a digital radiographic image? | decreased contrast resolution |
| Which procedure is most effective for reducing localized image blurring caused by involuntary patient motion? | decrease exposure times |
| Which mAs value should be selected for a patient measuring 30 centimeters if 22 mAs is optimal for a patient measuring 25 centimeters? | 44mAs |
| Which is an advantage of digital imaging systems compared to traditional film-screen systems? | improved contrast |
| In cassette-based CR systems, the PSP plate is made of which material? | Barium fluorohalide |
| Which device in the x-ray circuit changes alternating current to direct current? | rectifier |
| At which location is the ionization chamber located in an AEC device? | between the grid and the image receptor (IR) |
| Which device is located in the primary section of a general x-ray circuit? | timer circuit |
| Which set of exposure factors is most likely to provide clear visualization of the upper cervical spine through the mandible when performing an AP "wagging jaw" projection (Ottonello Method)? | 75 kVp, 25 mA, 2.0 seconds |
| Which effect does a step-down transformer have on voltage and current? | voltage is decreased and current is increased |
| Which x-ray tube orientation represents the correct application of the anode heel effect? | the anode end is positioned toward the head for an AP thoracic spine projection |
| Which device provides the required amount of voltage for x-ray production? | transformer |
| How are AEC devices for mammography different than those used with diagnostic radiography? | greater accuracy is required |
| Which post-processing action is always acceptable? | annotating with an upright marker to show the patient was in an erect position |
| An image of the abdomen demonstrates appropriate density and scale of contrast, but motion blur is present due to peristalsis. If the original image was obtained with 200 mA station and an exposure time of 0.35 seconds, which set of technical factors will produce a comparable exposure while minimizing motion artifacts? | 500 mA and 0.14 seconds |
| Which post-processing techniques may be used with digital imaging? select 3 | electronic masking, smoothing, filtering |
| Opening the collimators wider than necessary using digital radiography has which effect on image quality | image noise is increased |
| Which is the best way to avoid excessive quantum noise when using cassette-based digital systems? | increase the amount of exposure to the image receptor |
| How will raising the window level affect the digital image? | increase brightness |
| When using digital imaging, which has the greatest influence on contrast? | LUT |
| Which term refers to the positive electrode of the x-ray tube? | anode |
| Which technical factor increases the number of x-ray photons reaching the image receptor (IR)? | increased mA |
| Which term describes the process by which and overexposed or underexposed image receptor (IR) appears acceptable on a display monitor? | rescaling |
| Which is the advantage of a rotating anode? | less heat is generated at the target |
| The center of the x-ray beam must be aligned to the center of the bucky tray to within what percent of the SID? | 1% |
| All other factors remaining the same, how will increasing SID from 40-inches to 60-inches affect the appearance of a radiographic image? | decreased magnification |
| The collimator light must be aligned to the radiation field within what percent of the SID? | 2% |
Created by:
Gabipattie