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ART APP
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Consist of Planning, Designing & Constructing. | Architecture |
| The word architect is derived from the Latin word – ______ means chief builder or chief carpenter. | Architectura |
| the person who designs and supervises the construction of building. A person specialists in designing structures. | Architect |
| It is an art and science of designing and building of structures, or large groups of structures with aesthetics and functional criteria. | Architecture |
| It is creating structures which will serve a definite function; a home, hotel, hospital, a theater to meet technological needs of urban community. | Architecture |
| A good building should satisfy the three principles of | firmitas, utilitas, venustas |
| a Roman Architect of 1st Century A.D. | Vitruvius |
| a building should stand up robustly and remain in good condition | Durability |
| it should be suitable for the purpose for which it is used. | Utility |
| it should be aesthetically pleasing | Beauty |
| One of the early architectural developments. A beam is placed horizontally across upright posts. | Post-and-lintel method |
| composed of a shaft, capital, and base. | Ancient Greek “Orders” (styles) |
| the top of an order; includes the architrave, frieze, and cornice. | Entablature |
| A purely Roman invention. Often made up of small stones called voussoir and a large central stone called a keystone. | Arch |
| Arch is often made up of small stones called ___. | Voussoir |
| Arch is often made up of a large central stone called ____. | Keystone |
| A series of columns is called a ___. | Colonnade |
| Other key developments include ______, ______, & ______. These are variations of the same concept that allowed for greater height and more space inside a building. | Arch, Vault, & Dome. |
| A series of arches is called an ____. | Arcade |
| The _______ were great engineers. They developed concrete as a building material, which was used in building aqueducts, baths, and other public works projects. | Romans |
| External arch that counter-balanced the outward thrust of the high, vaulted ceilings. | Flying Buttress |
| During the _________, many new materials were developed: _______&_______. | Industrial Revolution; Glass & Wrought Iron |
| Unprocessed or minimal processed by industry. | Natural Materials |
| Are made in industrial settings after much human manipulations. | Synthetic Materials |
| is the most common building material. Its advantage are its abundance, relative durability and high tensile and compression strength. However, it is easily destroyed by moisture, insects and fire. | Wood |
| is the material used in most of the great architecture of the world permanence is desired. | Stone |
| is a building material made of sand and gravel mixed with cement. | Concrete |
| for stronger structure. It is concrete reinforced with steel. | Ferro-Concrete |
| it is a tough alloy of iron in variable amounts. It is malleable under proper conditions and greatly hardened by sudden cooling. It has tensile strength. | Steel |
| It has been revived as a major construction technique with the development of tensile architecture and synthetic fabrics. | Fabric |
| The amount of each materials used leads to different styles of buildings | Mud and Clay |
| Have existed for as long as history can recall. It is the longest lasting building material available and is usually readily available. | Rock |
| _______ walls have been built for as long as human have put one stone on top of another | Dry Stones |
| _______ is one of the oldest of building materials known; grass is a good insulator and easily harvested | Thatch |
| _______ structures are built entirely from plant parts and are generally found in tropical and sub-tropical areas. Such as rainforests, where very large leaves can be used in the building. | Brush |
| ______ was used by the Inuit for igloos, but has also been used for _____ hotels as a tourist attraction in northern areas that might not otherwise see many winter tourist | Ice |
| A _____ is a block made of kiln-fired material usually clay or shale, but also may be of lower quality mud. | Brick and Block |
| Done with sun-baked bricks. For a thousand years this material was used until the shaping of stones was introduced. THE THREE MAIN PYRAMIDS AT GIZA: KHAFRE, MENKAURE, CHEOPS PYRAMIDS. EGYPT | EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE ( 4000 – 220 B.C. ) |
| Includes monumental structures such as Stonehenge, cliff dwellings in the Americas, and thatch and mud structures. | Prehistoric Architecture (11,600 BCE - 3500 BCE) |
| An ancient architecture of the region of the Tigris–Euphrates river system, encompassing several distinct cultures and spanning a period from the 10th millennium BC to the 6th century BC. Ex. Ziggurat of Ur | Mesopotamian Architecture (4500 – 1900 B.C.) |
| best known for its temples, many of which are found throughout the region, with the Parthenon regarded, now as in ancient times, as the prime example. Ex. Parthenon | Greek Architecture (1100 – 100 B.C.) |
| characterized by a fusion of Greek design and Roman innovation, resulting in a unique architectural style. It is renowned for its use of new materials like Roman concrete, and technologies such as the arch and the dome. Ex. Pantheon | Roman Arhitecture (1000 B.C.-400 A.D.) |
| combined elements of Roman and Byzantine buildings along with local traditions. It is characterized by its massive quality, thick walls, round arches, sturdy piers, groin vaults, large towers, and symmetrical plans. Ex. Leaning Tower of Pisa | Romanesque Architecture (800 – 1100 A.D. ) |
| known for its complex floor plans and detailed mosaics and marble carvings. It is characterized by the use of domes, creating vast open spaces in churches, and the round arch, a fundamental element of the style. Ex. Hagia Sophia | Byzantine Architecture (200 – 1453 A.D. ) |
| featured chapels with low structures, thick solid walls, and small windows. The top view resembled a fat English cross, and they often had a flattish round dome. Ex. Église Notre-Dame-de-la-Nativité de Cénac-et-Saint-Julien | Middle Ages Architecture: Age Of Faith (500 - 900 A.D.) |
| characterized by vaulted (pointed) arches, flying buttresses, and thinner walls with stained glass windows. These advancements allowed for more natural light in the structures, creating a serene and self-confident aesthetic. Ex. The Cathedral of Chartre | Gothic Architecture: Age Of Aspiration (900-1400 A.D.) |
| from Roman and Greek designs when creating buildings but modified to suit the contemporary lifestyle. It is characterized by straight and sober lines, intricate decorations, and a rediscovery of ancient beauty in a medieval setting. St. Peter’s Basilica | Renaissance Architecture ( Arts Golden Age 1400-1600 A.D. ) |
| characterized by its grandeur and vastness in scope, with a bold execution that includes sweeping lines. It features richly ornamented surfaces, dramatic effects, and a fondness for diagonal lines. Ex. Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial | Baroque: Age Of Grandeur (1600 - 1750 A.D.) |
| a Portuguese term meaning delicate or intricate, was applied to all art of the period. Architecture became smaller, with royal residences transforming into mansions and palaces into chalets, while retaining Baroque characteristics. | Rococo Period: Age Of Artificiality (1800 - 1850) |
| marked a period of architectural freedom, where architects had the liberty to choose styles from the past or adopt recent trends, select materials, and apply techniques as they saw fit. Ex. Big Ben, Eiffel Tower, and Statue of Liberty | Nineteeth Century Architecture |
| functionality, simplicity, elegance, and economy. described as an attempt to interpret man’s purpose through his buildings, embodying a style that is free in relation to change and independent of fixed symmetries. Burj Khalifa, Petronas Twin Tower | Modern Architecture |
| ______ is a term _______ invented to describe a series of works that combine aspects of painting and sculpture. | Combine; Robert Rauschenberg |
| ______ refers to Rauschenberg’s work from 1954 to 1962, but the artist had begun collaging newsprint and photographic materials in his work and the impetus to combine both painting materials and everyday objects. | Combine |
| blurs boundaries between painting, sculpture, photography, and abstraction, aiming for a Total Art that integrates music and dance. | Combined Arts |
| It refers to events that combine a variety of media or materials which can be both seen and heard, which exist in both space and time. | Combined Arts |
| One element that is common with combined arts is the _____– the specific space in which music, film and theater and other combined arts occur. | LOCUS |
| Locus is also called ______- temporal frames. | Spatio |
| One of the integral aspects in the combined arts. It consists of the display of certain technical skills by human beings for the public’s pleasure or enjoyment. | Performance Arts |
| is an artwork or art exhibition created through actions executed by the artist or other participants. It may be live, through documentation, spontaneously or written, presented to a public in a Fine Arts context, traditionally interdisciplinary. | Performance Arts |
| In performance arts it requires to display certain skils ______ & _____ | singing performance and dance performance |
| Display of prowess by actor/actress in staging. is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. | Theater Arts |
| As a combined art, may put together literature or drama, music, actors on stage where scenery, props and lighting are arranged, plus other media to complete a production. | Theater Arts |
| is the art of arranging sounds in time to produce a composition through the elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. It is one of the cultural universal aspects of all human societies. | Music |
| A ______, also called a ______, motion picture or moving picture, is a work of visual art used to simulate experiences that communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images. | Film/Movies |
| The word “music” is from the Greek word which means “Art of the Muses.” | Mousike |
| When music is written on a staff, the pitches (tones) and their duration are represented by symbols known as ______. | Notes |
| Importance of Music | - Key to creativity - makes education enjoyable - is the language of universe - music has spiritual powers |
| refers to the combination of different notes played or sung simultaneously to create a pleasing and balanced sound. It adds depth and richness to music by supporting the melody. Harmony can be achieved through various chords and chord progressions. | harmony |
| a sequence of musical notes or tones that form a distinct, recognizable musical line. It's typically the most prominent and memorable part of a musical composition, often carried by the lead singer or a solo instrument. | melody |
| are the "tune" or main theme that you can sing or hum. They play a crucial role in defining the character and emotional quality of a piece of music. | melodies |
| a set of pitches or notes that form the basis of a musical composition. The key establishes the tonal center around which a piece of music revolves. Each key is associated with a specific scale and a tonic note, which provides a sense of resolution. | Key |
| in music, position of a single sound in the complete range of sound. Sounds are higher or lower in pitch according to the frequency of vibration of the sound waves producing them. | Pitch |
| is the pattern of sound, silence, and emphasis in a song. In music theory, rhythm refers to the recurrence of notes and rests (silences) in time. When a series of notes and rests repeats, it forms a rhythmic pattern. | Rhythm |
| Italian word for the speed of a song or piece of music. Tempo is important because a song or piece of music won’t sound like you expect it to without the proper tempo. | Tempo (Plural - Tempi) |
| _______ in music refers to the number of instruments or voices that contribute to the overall density of the music. | texture |
| If there are only a few instruments playing, like a duet for example, then the music can be described as ____________. | thin or sparse |
| also refers to the layers of sound in a piece of music, these layers are named by their role within a piece of music. | Texture |
| types of texture | Homophonic Texture Monophonic Texture Polyphonic Texture |
| characterized by a main melody with a simple accompaniment, typically chords. This is the most common texture in Western music and is often used in songs and hymns | Homophonic Texture |
| in __________, there is only one melodic line without any harmonies or accompanying parts. This is often heard in solo vocal or instrumental performances | monophonic texture |
| _________ features two or more independent melodies or voices that are interwoven. This creates a complex and layered texture, and is often associated with genres like classical fugues and contrapuntal compositions | Polyphonic texture |
| also be described using the term tone color. Just like in a painting and the use of different colors creates different images, the “color” of an instrument is like a painting sound for our ears to hear. | timbre |
| refers to the volume of a piece of music. Music can be described as loud, or soft, or there could be gradual changes from loud to soft, or soft to loud, depending on the performer’s interpretation of the music. | dynamics |
| Element of Music Dynamics | Piano Pianissimo Fortissimo Forte |
| This term means "soft" in Italian. When a piece of music is marked as piano, the performers should play or sing with a quiet and gentle volume. | Piano (p) |
| This term indicates that the music should be played very softly, creating an almost whisper-like quality. It's even softer than piano. | Pianissimo (pp) |
| On the opposite end of the spectrum, ________ means "very loud." Performers should play or sing with great intensity and volume. | Fortissimo (ff) |
| Simply meaning "loud" in Italian, this marking instructs musicians to play or sing with a strong and forceful volume. | Forte (f) |
| This notation instructs the performer to gradually increase the volume, starting softly and becoming louder. | Crescendo (cresc.) |
| These notations indicate a gradual decrease in volume, starting loudly and becoming softer. | Decrescendo (dim. or decresc.) |
Created by:
annoemi