Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
midterm 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where did the capital move to? | Constantinople |
| What religion became the main religion? | Christianity |
| What does form follows function mean? | buildings built to look like what it'll be used for |
| What became the building type of choice for churches? | The Basilica Plan |
| What was the change when the basilica was built for christianity? | The door was moved to the end on the axis facing the altar |
| What is a nave? | Where you walked down to get to the altar |
| What is a clerestory? | A floor that is not an actual floor |
| What is the narthex used for? | Where people stood who WERE NOT baptized into christian faith, but practiced christian religion |
| What is the aisle used for? | Where people stood who WERE baptized into christian faith |
| What was the monastic movement? | Munks start moving in |
| Where is the Basilica of St. Peter? | Rome, Italy |
| What date was the Basilica of St. Peter built? | 319 - 329 AD |
| What time period is the Basilica of St Peter from? | Early Christain |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Basilica of St. Peter? | 1) orginally a cemetary 2) said to where "Nero crucified St. Peter" |
| Where is the Mausoleum of Constantina? | Rome, Italy |
| What date was the Mausoleum of Constantina built? | 350 AD |
| What time period is the Mausoleum of Constantine from? | Early Christian |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Mausoleum of Constantina? | 1) had roman elements like arches and geometrics 2) was a centralized plan |
| Where is the Church of Nativity? | Bethlehem |
| What date is the Church of Nativity built? | 326 - 333 AD |
| What time period is the Church of Nativity built? | Early Christian |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Church of Nativity? | 1) altar is elevated 2) no longer a cross plan |
| Where is San Apollinare? | Classe, Italy |
| What date was the San Apollinare built? | 532 - 549 AD |
| Who is the architect of the San Apollinare? | Justinian |
| What time period is the San Apollinare from? | Byzantine |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the San Apollinare? | 1) clerestory windows light up the nave 2) mosaic finish |
| Where is San Vitale? | Ravenna, Italy |
| What date is the San Vitale built? | 532 - 548 AD |
| Who is the architect of the San Vitale? | Bishop Maximian |
| What time period is the San Vitale from? | Byzantine |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the San Vitale? | 1) centralized plan 2) lots of gold leaf used |
| Where is Hagia Sophia? | Constantinople, Turkey |
| What date is the Hagia Sophia built? | 532 - 537 AD |
| Who is the architect of the Hagia Sophia? | Anthemios & Isidoros |
| What time period is the Hagia Sophia from? | Byzantine |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Hagia Sophia? | 1) strongly built and outlasted many earthquakes 2) built with geometry |
| What were the dark ages? | stopped the arts, writing, construction |
| What was the feudal system? | emperors owned the land and the peasants live on land and work it on it and must give them what made in trade for protection |
| What were the crusades? | religious wars between christains and muslums for religious land |
| What are the dates of the early middle ages? | 450 - 1000 AD |
| What happened in the early middle ages? | 1) end of the roman empire 2) the dark ages (500 - 800) 3) charlamagne |
| What are the dates of the high middle ages? | 1000 - 1150 AD |
| What happened in the high middle ages? | 1) developed a more stable feudal system 2) crusades |
| What are the dates of the late middle ages? | 1150 - 1500 AD |
| What happened in the late middle ages? | 1) black death 2) turmoil of the 100 years war |
| What is a motte? | Artficial hill where they would put a tower on top as a look out |
| What is a drum tower? | A tower that looks like a drum from the top |
| What is a monastery? | where men/women went to serve god and pledged celibacy, poverty, sobreity, and obedience |
| What are some elements of a monastery? | 1) excommunicated themselves 2) wanted nothing to do with anyone but themselves and god 3) known for making beeswax candles |
| What is a chevet? | made up of 3 parts including the choir, ambulatory, and radiating chapels |
| What is a transverse arch? | supports a barrel vault by holding it up |
| What is a fan vault? | a vault that is hollowed out and looks like a fan |
| What is a hammerbeam truss? | a truss made out of wood instead of stone |
| Who was Charlemagne? | 1) ruled france and germany 2) caused the dark ages to end when he got crowned 3) populations forced into christianinty 4) discovered modern day lettering |
| Where is the Palace of Charlemagne? | Aachen, Germany |
| What date was the Palace of Charlemagne built? | 790 - 810 AD |
| What time period is the Palace of Charlemagne from? | Early Middle Ages |
| Who is the architect of the Palace of Charlemagne? | Odo of Metz |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Palace of Charlemagne? | 1) 2) |
| What was the beginning of a castle? | motte and bailey |
| Where is Harlech Castle located? | Wales |
| What date was the Harlech Castle built? | 1283 - 1290 AD |
| What time period is the Harlech Castle from? | Late Middle Ages |
| Who is the architect of the Harlech Castle? | James of St. George |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Harlech Castle? | 1) had drum towers 2) thick outer walls thicker than normal |
| Where is the Monastery of Saint Martin du Canigou? | Casteil, France |
| What was the Monastery of Saint Martin du Canigou built? | 1001 - 1026 |
| What time period is the Monastery of Saint Martin du Canigou from? | High Middle Ages |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Monastery of Saint Martin du Canigou? | 1) built in the mountains away from everything and everyone 2) hardly any windows |
| What building was the ideal layout for future monasteries? | Saint Gall Monastery |
| Where is the Monastery of Cluny III? | Cluny, France |
| What date was the Monastery of Cluny III built? | 1088 - 1130 AD |
| Who is the architect of the Monastery of Cluny III? | Gunzo |
| What is the time period the Monastery of Cluny III from? | High Middle Ages |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Monastery of Cluny III? | 1) the church was rebuilt 3 times 2) took 40 years to build the final renovation |
| When did Romanesque Architecture start? | 1000 - 1150 AD |
| Where is the Monastery Church of St. Michael? | Hildesheim, Germany |
| What date was the Monastery Church of St. Michael built? | 993 - 1022 AD |
| What time period is the Monastery Church of St. Michael from? | Early Middle Ages |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Monastery Church of St. Michael? | 1) floor plan became more complex and had 2 apses 2) had towers and domes |
| What did side aisles turn into? | Passageways that held the relics |
| Where is the Church of Sainte-Foy? | Conques, France |
| What date was the Church of Sainte-Foy built? | 1040 - 1130 AD |
| What time period is the Church of Sainte-Foy from? | High Middles Ages |
| Who are the architects of the Church of Sainte-Foy? | Monks |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Church of Sainte-Foy? | 1) the whole floor plan got bigger and larger 2) the apse became a choir |
| Where is the Durham Cathedral? | Durham, England |
| What date was the Durham Cathedral built? | 1093 - 1133 AD |
| Who is the architect of the Durham Cathedral? | George Gilbert Scott |
| What time period is the Durham Cathedral from? | High Middle Ages |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Durham Cathedral? | 1) no longer circles everything became square shaped 2) floor plan was a cross plan |
| Where is the Abbey Church of Saint Davis? | Saint-Denis, France |
| What date was the Abbey Church of Saint Davis renovated? | 1135 - 1144 AD |
| What time period is the Abbey Church of Saint Davis from? | High Middle Ages |
| What architect renovated the Abbey Church of Saint Davis? | Abbot Suger |
| What did Abbot Suger invent? | gothic style |
| Who was Abbot Suger? | leader of the monks |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Abbey Church of Saint Davis? | 1) added 3 main doors to the entrance 2) arches became pointy on top and less rounded |
| Where is the Church of Notre-Dame de Paris? | Paris, France |
| What date was the Church of Notre-Dame de Paris built? | 1163 - 1250 AD |
| What time period is the Church of Notre-Dame de Paris from? | Late Middle Ages |
| Who are the architects of the Church of Notre-Dame de Paris? | many architects |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Church of Notre-Dame de Paris? | 1) took over 100 years to build 2) very detailed on the outside |
| What is a buttress? | a pier built into or against a wall to help it resist lateral forces |
| What is a flying buttress? | an inclined/ramped arch extending from the wall of a building to an outer freestand buttress pier thus transmitting outward thrusts from the main building to the externalized supports |
| Where is the Notre-Dame de Amiens? | Amiens, France |
| What date was the Notre-Dame de Amiens built? | 1220 - 1269 AD |
| What time period is the Notre-Dame de Amiens from? | Late Middle Ages |
| Who are the architects of the Notre-Dame de Amiens? | 1) Robert de Luzarches 2) Thomas de Cormont 3) Regnault de Cormont |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Notre-Dame de Amiens? | 1) middle entrance is much bigger then the side ones 2) arches extend outside and depth intensifies |
| Where is the Salisbury Cathedral? | Salisbury, England |
| What date was the Salisbury Cathedral built? | 1220 - 1266 AD |
| What time period is the Salisbury Cathedral from? | Late Middle Ages |
| What style is the Salisbury Cathedral? | Early English Gothic |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Salisbury Cathedral? | 1) illusion of depth, but not truly there 2) open courtyard |
| Where is the King's College Chapel - Cambridge University? | Cambridge, England |
| What date was the King's College Chapel - Cambridge University built? | 1446 - 1515 AD |
| What time period is the King's College Chapel - Cambridge University from? | Late Middle Ages |
| What style is the King's College Chapel - Cambridge University? | Gothic |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the King's College Chapel - Cambridge University? | 1) no flying buttress 2) had fan vaults inside |
| Where is Westminster Hall - Westminster Palace? | London, England |
| What date was the Westminster Hall - Westminster Palace built? | 1394 AD |
| What time period is the Westminster Hall - Westminster Palace from? | Late Middle Ages |
| What are 2 descriptive statements about the Westminster Hall - Westminster Palace? | 1) had hammerbeam truss because they were cheaper 2) replicated stone vaulting with wood |
| What type of plan is the San Vitale Church? | centrally planned |
| How many sides did the San Vitale Church have? | 8 |
| What material was used to build the San Vitale Church? | bricks |
| Where did the material used from the San Vitale Church come from? | roman buildings |
| What type of columns are used in the San Vitale Church? | doubled meaning a set of columns on the floor and a stack right above on the second floor |
| Who was San Vitale? | was the primary martyr and who the church was named after |
| What is above the capitals on San Vitale Church? | impost blocks which transition to the arches |
| Who was the emperor of the early 500's in Constantinople? | Justinian |
| For how many years was the Hagia Sophia the largest building in the world? | 800 years |
| How big is the Hagia Sophia? | if you take the bell tower of the notre dame cathedral and rolled it into the hagia sophia it would fit |
| What year was there a big earthquake that they were worried would tumble the Hagia Sophia? | August 1999 |
| What countries did Justinian couquer during his reign? | from spain to the middle east |
| What religion became the state religion during Justinian's reign? | christianity |
| What ultimate symbol came about by building the Hagia Sophia for Justinian? | his power and his faith |
| Who were the 2 architects of the Hagia Sophia? | 1) Anthemius of Tralles 2) Isidore of Miletus |
| What did the architects Anthemius and Isidore construct next to the arches to make sure the weight of the arch did not collapse? | large piers |
| How many arches for the base to support the dome of the Hagia Sophia? | 4 |
| What new architectual element is formed when 4 arches are placed in a square pattern? | pendentives |
| How many feet does the Hagia Sophia dome rise? | 180 feet |
| What famous USA statue would fit in the Hagia Sophia? | the statue of liberty |
| What was the invention that Anthemius devise in order for the dome not to have hoop stresses, cracking at the base of the dome? | 40 windows which reduce the stress on the base of the dome |
| How many pounds of gold were spent to build the Hagia Sophia? | 320,000 lbs of gold |
| How much does that amount come to in today's money? | 1.8 billion dollars |
| What is the meaning of Hagia Sophia in greek? | holy wisdom |
| What was the secret ingredient that Anthemius put in the mortar for the Hagia Sophia? | crushed brick |
| What did the crushed brick do the walls in the Hagia Sophia? | made the mortar more flexible |
| What magnitude earthquake did the Hagia Sophia survive? | 7 |
| How many churches were burnt on the site of the Hagia Sophia? | 2 |
| Why did the previous churches burn down? | riots |
| Who was the patron of the Hagia Sophia? | Justinian |
| What are the basic architectural feature of the Hagia Sophia? | dome on a square building, half circles, pendentatives, and stone piers |
| What type of pressure is exerted from a dome? | down and out |
| What is the Hagia Sophia floor made of? | huge paving stones |
| The surfaces of the Hagia Sophia that do not have color on them were covered with what? | mosaics |
| What civilization conquered the byzantine empire? | the ottoman turks |
| When did the Ottoman Turks conquer the byzantine empire? | 1453 |
| When was the Hagia Sophia converted to a museum? | 1934 |
| When was the Hagia Sophia sacked by the western european christians the fourth crusade? | 1204 |
| What were the countries that charlemagne encompass? | north sea, mediteranean, modern france, germany, holland, switzerland, austria, poland, and most of italy |
| How many years did Charlemagne rule? | 46 years |
| What basilica was Charlemagne crowned emperor in? | St. Peter's Basilica |
| What year was Charlemagne crowned emperor? | 800 AD |
| When was Charlemagne's chapel built? | 804 AD |
| Where was Charlemagne's chapel built? | Aachen, Germany |
| How tall is Charlemagne's chapel? | 103 feet |
| What builder did Charlemagne hire to build his chapel? | italian builders |
| What architecturual building techniques did the builders used on Charlemagne? | knowledge of stone and masonry work |
| Who found the body/remains of Charlemagne? | King Otto III |
| Why did Charlemagne choose Aarchen to build the chapel? | thermal springs |
| Where was the birthplace of gothic architecture? | basilica of saint denis |
| What did Abbot Suger renovate on the Basilica of Saint Denis? | the ambulatory and facade |
| What did the small radiating chapels contain? | relics |
| What was the architectural element used in St. Denis to elevate the ceiling and open the space where no walls had to be used? | ribbed vaults |
| How did Abbot Suger allow light into St. Denis in an architectural element? | Opening up the walls and allowing light in from the tall windows |
| What does the phrase "Notre Dame de Paris" mean? | our lady in terms of the virgin mary |
| When did the planning of the Notre Dame Cathedral begin? | 1160 |
| What 2 parts does Notre Dame have? | eastern and western parts |
| What did the 2 parts of Notre Dame consist of? | western -> the main entrance with the 2 bell towers eastern -> main hall and choir |
| When was the entire Notre Dame Cathedral completed? | 1345 |
| How many years did it take to complete the Notre Dame Cathedral? | 180 years |
| How many bells are housed in the bell towers are on the Notre Dame Cathedral? | 5 |
| What was the weight of the smaller bells? | between 2-3 tons |
| What is the big bell in Notre Dame called? | Emmanuel |
| What is the weight of the big bell in Notre Dame? | 13 tons |
| Where is the big bell located in Notre Dame? | south tower |
| How often are the smaller bells rung in Notre Dame? | every hour to indicate the time |
| What is the exterior of the Notre Dame decorated with? | hundreds of gargoyles and statues |
| What is the job of the gargoyles on Notre Dame? | carry rainwater from the roof |
| What is the belief about gargoyles? | to protect the church from evil spirits |
| What was added to Notre Dame during the 19th century restoration? | classical chimeras |
| What features are found inside Notre Dame? | spiritual statues, paints, stain glass windows |
| What are the pointed arches in Notre Dame decorated with? | quatrefoils |
| Where does the King's Gallery sculptures sit in Notre Dame? | the niches |
| What sits between the 2 towers on the Notre Dame? | the rose window |
| What makes up the clerestory windows in the Notre Dame? | pair of arches, pair of lancet windows, oculi, and large rose window |
| What was a great invention of gothic archtiecture? | flying buttresses |
| What do the flying buttresses do to some of the interior structural elements of the interior? | Draws the weight of the structure to the outside to make the piers much more slender than the earlier forms of architecture |
| What other architectural technical element is invented during the Gothic period? | the ribbed groin vault |
| How is the massiveness of the walls masked in the Salisbury Cathedral? | by building a bunch of smaller piers |
| How tall is the spire on the Salisbury Cathedral? | 123 meters |
| How many steps do you have to climb to get to the top of the Salisbury Cathedral spire? | 323 steps |
Created by:
KenzMall