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Unit 3 Perception
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the... feature detectors. optic nerve. retina. iris. lens. | iris. |
| When we have trouble locating a sound, we turn our heads to one side in order to increase the ________ between our ears capturing Accommodation. Anosmia Intensity Absolute Threshold Just Noticeable Difference g the sound. | just Noticeable Difference |
| If we see a speaker mouthing day while actually hearing someone else saying may, we may perceive a third syllable bay that blends McGurk Effect blindspot. sensory adaptation. prosopagnosia. accommodation. | McGurk Effect |
| Damage to the basilar membrane will most likely result in... loss of balance. nerve deafness loss of acuity. loss of movement. conduction hearing loss. | nerve deafness |
| An exhausted forest ranger may notice the faintest scent of a forest fire, whereas much stronger but less important odors fail to catch her attention. This fact would be of greatest relevance to... | signal detection theory. |
| Subjects are watching a computer screen, which displays randomly appearing dots of different colors. subjects see a red light, they are told to press the ‘enter’ key. be given $1 each timr of responses will increase indicating they are detecting more... | false positives |
| When hungry, we pay more attention to signs for restaurants. This is an example of.. .just noticeable difference. sensory adaptation. sensory interaction. selective attention. absolute threshold. | selective attention. |
| Low-pitched sounds are to high-pitched sounds as ________________ colors are to _______________ colors. green; orange yellow; red red; blue purple; red purple; green | red; blue |
| The light-sensitive inner surfaces of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the.. .iris. fovea. retina. cornea. optic nerve. | retina |
| As people grow older, they are most likely to need glasses because... the lens loses its ability to change shape readily. the iris loses its ability to contract the pupil. the cornea loses much of its transparency. the blind spot increases | the lens loses its ability to change shape readily. |
| The place theory suggests that... structures in the inner ear provide us with a sense of the position of our bodies in space. we have a system for sensing the position and movement of the various parts of our body. the pitch we hear is related | the pitch we hear is related to the place in which the cochlea’s basilar membrane is stimulated. |
| A word projected to the right visual field of a person with a corpus callosum, will process the information in their left visual cortex. Given no brain damage, one can conclude the proper functioning of their: optic nerve optic chiasm | optic chiasm |
| The fact that fear may increase your sensitivity to an almost imperceptible pain stimulus is of the most relevance to... the Young-Helmholtz theory. frequency theory. place theory. opponent-process theory. signal detection theory. | signal detection theory. |
| The minimum intensity at which a stimulus can be detected at least 50 percent of the time is known as the... visual cliff. receptor potential. just noticeable difference. absolute threshold. perceptual set. | absolute threshold |
| The _________ theory of color vision proposes that each color is taken in by special receptor cells in the retina. We can see all colors as a result of combining these three colors. opponent-process afterimage Young-Helmholtz | Young-Helmholtz |
| Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the... optic nerve. retina. lens. cornea. iris. | iris. |
| The process of taking sensory information and turning it into neural impulses is called... just noticeable difference. opponent process. hair cells. retinal disparity. transduction. | transduction. |
| Perceiving that the odor of delicious fresh baked bread no longer smells after you have been in the house for several minutes, is an example of... absolute threshold. interposition. selective attention. sensory adaptation. just noticeab | sensory adaptation. |
| Sensory experiences without the sensory stimulus are called: dissociation night terrors hypnotism hallucinations nightmares | hallucinations |
| Brayan's bag of marbles is twice as heavy as David's. If it takes 5 extra marbles to make David's bag feel heavier, it will take 10 extra marbles to make Brayan's bag feel heavier. This best illustrates... sensory adaptation. the opponent-process t | Weber's law |
| If an adult develops cataracts, his or her... absolute threshold for light is likely to decrease. absolute threshold for light is likely to increase. difference threshold for light is likely to decrease. | absolute threshold for light is likely to increase. |
| Complete sensation in the absence of complete perception is best illustrated by... conduction deafness. Weber's Law. sensory interaction. prosopagnosia. color constancy. | prosopagnosia. |
| The feature detectors identified by Hubel and Weisel respond to specific aspects of ___________ stimulation. olfactory. vestibular. auditory. kinesthetic. visual. | visual |
| The integration of information processed simultaneously by multiple neural networks can be detected as a pattern of... parallel difference thresholds. synchronized brain waves. trichromatic feature detection. | synchronized brain waves. |
| The human ability to speedily recognize familiar objects best illustrates the value of... accommodation. subliminal stimulation. parallel processing. sensory interaction. kinesthesis. | parallel processing. |
| People who demonstrate blindsight have most likely suffered from damage to their... lens. fovea. visual cortex. optic nerve. cornea. | visual cortex. |
| Which of the following is the correct sequence of anatomical structures through which an auditory stimulus passes before it is perceived as sound? Auditory canal, eardrum, cochlea, ossicles Auditory canal, eardrum, ossicles, cochlea | Auditory canal, eardrum, ossicles, cochlea |
| The sequentially flashing lights appeared to generate pulsating waves of motion. Much like the way chasing Christmas lights work. This best illustrates... phi phenomenon. stroboscopic effect. | phi phenomenon. |
| The volley principle is most directly relevant to our perception of... pitch. brightness. temperature. pain. color. | pitch. |
| In vision, transduction occurs within the optic nerve. photoreceptor cells. lens visual cortex. cornea. | photoreceptor cells. |
| Gestalt psychologists emphasize that... sensation has no effect on perception. we understand perception innately. the whole is more than the sum of its parts. perception is the same as sensation. we learn solely through experience. | the whole is more than the sum of its parts. |
| The phenomena of visual afterimages are a result of which theory? color intensity brightness oversensitivity simultaneous contrast spatial summation opponent-processes | opponent-processes |
| The monocular depth cue in which an object is blocking another object is perceived as closer is... relative motion. relative height. linear perspective. relative clarity. interposition. | interposition. |
| Some people are better than others at detecting slight variations in the tastes of various blends of coffee. This best illustrates the importance of... parallel processing. the vestibular sense. difference thresholds. | difference thresholds. |
| The local fire department sounds the 12 o'clock whistle. The process by which your ears convert the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of... transduction. parallel processing. accommodation. | transduction. |
| Bipolar cells are located in the... blind spot. optic nerve. retina. cochlea. lens. | retina. |
| Patients' negative expectations about the outcome of a surgical procedure can increase their postoperative experience of pain. This best illustrates the importance of... difference thresholds. top-down processing. | top-down processing. |
| The ability to simultaneously process the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song best illustrates... kinesthesis. accommodation. subliminal perception. sensory adaptation. parallel processing. | parallel processing. |
| The psychological views of William James are to those of Edward Titchener as _____ is to _____. introspection; functionalism functionalism; structuralism nature; nurture empiricism; structuralism structuralism; functionalism | functionalism; structuralism |
| David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel demonstrated that neurons in the occipital lobe’s visual cortex receive information from individual ganglion cells in the retina. These _______ allow one to respond to particular edges, lines, and angles. | feature detectors |
| A sign posted at a street corner said, “Lcck both ways before crossing.” The fact that you probably read “lcck” as “look” and filled in the parts of the letters illustrates... | closure. |
| Hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches is to ___________ as recognizing the sound sequence as a familiar melody is to ___________. | sensation; perception |
| After a large explosion, Curtis was left with severe hearing damage. It appears that there was damage to several of the structures within the ear. This type of hearing loss is called... | sensorineural deafness. |
| Jack claims that he often has dreams that predict future events. He claims to have the power of... | precognition |
| The flavor of fried chicken is best described as... | savory. |
| When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. This cue for depth perception is called... | motion parallax |
| If we see a speaker mouthing day while actually hearing someone else saying may, we may perceive a third syllable bay that blends both inputs. This phenomenon is known as... sensory adaptation. McGurk Effect | McGurk Effect |
| Transduction of hearing takes place... | |
| Our experience of pain when we are injured depends on... how well medical personnel addresses the injury. how long we are admitted to the hospital. our physiology, previous experiences and attention brought to the situation. | our physiology, previous experiences and attention brought to the situation |
| An ability to “read” another person’s mind is termed... clairvoyance precognition telepathy | telepathy |
| The vibrations of the eardrum are amplified by three tiny bones located in the middle ear known as... | ossicles. |
| Spinning around in circles would most quickly affect your _______ sense. | vestibular |
| When we have trouble locating a sound, we turn our heads to one side in order to increase the ________ between our ears capturing the sound. | |
| Gestalt psychologists emphasize that... | the whole is more than the sum of its parts. |
| The human vestibular sense is most closely associated with the | semicircular canals. |
| Hearing a sequence of sounds of different pitches is to ___________ as recognizing the sound sequence as a familiar melody is to ___________. | sensation; perception |
| The vibrations of the eardrum are amplified by three tiny bones located in the middle ear known as... | ossicles. |
| The monocular depth cue in which an object is blocking another object is perceived as closer is... | interposition. |
| News about the supposed effects of briefly presented messages on moviegoers' consumption of popcorn and Coca-Cola involved false claims regarding... | subliminal stimulation. |
| The minimum intensity at which a stimulus can be detected at least 50 percent of the time is known as the... | absolute threshold. |
| The process by which we select, organize, and interpret sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects and events is called... | perception. |
| Humans experience the longest visible electromagnetic waves is... | the color red and the shortest visible waves as blue-violet. |
| Which theory emphasizes that personal expectations and motivations influence the level of absolute thresholds? For example, you realize more quickly you have a text message when you are waiting for someone to text you. | signal detection theory |
| A word projected to the right visual field of a person with a corpus callosum, will process the information in their left visual cortex. Given no brain damage, one can conclude the proper functioning of their: | optic chiasm |
| The phenomena of visual afterimages are a result of which theory? | opponent-processes |
| Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the... | iris. |
| Accommodation refers to the... | process by which the lens changes shape in order to focus images on the retina. |
| People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their | light-sensitive cells called rods and cones. |
| After listening to your high-volume car stereo for 15 minutes, you fail to realize how loudly music is blasting. This best illustrates... | |
| The light-sensitive inner surfaces of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the... | |
| Certain stroke victims report seeing nothing when shown a series of sticks, yet they are able to correctly report whether the sticks are vertical or horizontal. This best illustrates... | blindsight |
| Bonnie has brain damage to her right temporal lobe results in prosopagnosia. This phenomena can best be explained by her lack in | top-down processing. |
| The adjustable opening in the center of the eye is the... | pupil. |
| Visual capture refers to the tendency for... | visual information to dominate other types of sensory information |
| Damage to the temporal lobe region of the brain essential for facial recognition produces a loss of... | perception. |
| The _________ theory of color vision proposes that each color is taken in by special receptor cells in the retina. We can see all colors as a result of combining these three colors. | Young-Helmholtz |
| The patient "E.H." suffers from prosopagnosia and is unable to recognize her own face in a mirror. Her difficult stems from a deficiency in... | top-down processing. |
| The amplitude of electromagnetic waves determines the _________ of light. | brightness |
| Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as... | sensory adapation. |
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