Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APWH Unit 3 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Devshirme | 'Selection' in Turkish. The system by which boys from Christian communities were taken by the Ottoman state to serve as Janissaries (elite military units) |
| Qing Dynasty | last imperial dynasty of China; preceded by the Ming Dynasty and succeeded by the People's Republic; founded in 1644 by the Manchus and ruled China for more than 260 years, until 1912; expanded China's borders to include Taiwan, Tibet, China |
| Manchus | Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China's imperial dynasties. |
| Mughal Empire | Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; often had difficulties managing such a large, diverse empire |
| Ottoman Empire | Islamic state of Turkic speaking peoples lasting from 1453-1922; conquered the Byzantine Empire in 1453; based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople); encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe. |
| Safavids | A Shi'ite Muslim dynasty that ruled in Persia (Iran and parts of Iraq) from the 16th-18th centuries that had a mixed culture of the Persians, Ottomans, and Arabs. |
| Songhai | an Islamic West African empire that conquered Mali and controlled trade from the into the 16th century; eventually defeated by the Moroccans who were broke after fighting with Portugal |
| Janissary | elite Ottoman guard (trained as foot soldiers or administrators) recruited from the Christian population through the devshirme system, that often converted to Islam; utilized gunpowder weapons |
| Samurai | class of salaried warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble called a daimyo (who in turned pledged loyalty to a shogun) in return for land or rice payments |
| Divine Right | the idea that monarchs are God's representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God. |
| absolute monarchy | system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power |
| Versailles | Palace constructed by Louis XIV outside of Paris to glorify his rule and subdue the nobility; late 17th-early 18th century (became his primary residence around 1670) |
| zamindars | Mughal empire's taxation system where decentralized lords collected tribute/taxes for the emperor |
| tax farming | tax-collection system utilized by the Ottoman Empire to generate money for territorial expansion; the government hired private individuals to collect taxes |
| Protestant Reformation | religious movement begun by German monk Martin Luther who began to question the practices of the Catholic Church beginning in 1519; split the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the 'protesters' forming several new Christian denominations |
| 95 Theses | arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church. They were posted on October 31, 1517; ultimately led to Martin Luther's excommunication and the Protestant Reformation |
| Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices; began the Protestant Reformation |
| Counter/Catholic Reformation | the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation; reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (objected), ended sale of indulgences and simony, created Jesuits missionaries, but also the began the Inquisition |
| Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism (a result of the Counter Reformation); sent to China, Japan, and the New World to gain Catholic converts |
| indulgence | a pardon given by the Roman Catholic Church in return for repentance for sins and payment; "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins" |
| Simony | the buying and selling of church offices, seen as a corrupt practice, this practice was outlawed by the Catholic Church during the Counter Reformation |
| Inquisition | Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy, a reaction to the Protestant Reformation |
| Thirty Years War | a war that resulted from the Protestant Reformation (1618-1648) occurred in the Holy Roman Empire between German Protestants and their allies (Swe, Den, Fra) and the emperor and his ally, Spain who supported Roman Catholicism; (Treaty of Westphalia) |
| John Calvin | 1509-1564. French theologian who developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism; attracted Protestant followers with his teachings; believed in predestination |
| Sikhism | the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam; a result of the presence of the Mughal Empire in India |
| Shogunate | Japanese system of government under a shogun (military warlord), who exercised actual power while the emperor was reduced to a figurehead |
| Daimyo | Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai; owed allegiance to the shogun |
| Jizya | tax paid by Christians and Jews (and sometimes other faiths) who lived in Muslim communities to allow them to continue to practice their own religion; often utilized by Islamic states to manage diverse populations within their empires |
| Millet System | A system used by the Ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities, with each millet (nation) enjoying autonomous self-government under its religious leaders; a unique way to manage a diverse empire. |
| Suleiman the Magnificent | He was one of the Ottoman's greatest rulers. He also built the Suleymaniye Mosque. |
| Shah Abbas | He came to power in 1587 and he borrowed ideas from outside people. He used janasarries and was the one who introduced religious toleration to the Safavid Empire. |
| Babur | He defeated the Sultanate of Delhi in 1526 and founded/started the Mugual empire. He was also a descendant of Ghenghis Khan |
| Akbar | His greatest achievement was the cultural blending and religious toleration (Divine Right). He took power in 1156 and led the Mughal empire to its height. He expanded the empire into almost all of India, ended the tax system for Muslims, married many fem. |
| Taj Mahal | beautiful mausoleum (tomb) at Agra (India) built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (completed in 1649) in memory of his favorite wife; illustrates syncretic blend between Indian and Arabic architectural styles |
Created by:
ep11