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human anatomy

Spinal cord and spinal nerves

QuestionAnswer
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? 31 that are both sensory and motor function
(Spinal cord anatomy) What are the superficial anatomy of the spinal cord? (5) Cervical enlargement, Lumbar enlargement, Conus Medullaris, Cauda Equina, Filum Terminale
(Spinal cord anatomy) The Cervical enlargement? (arms) Brachial plexus nerve exits the spinal cord
(Spinal cord anatomy) The lumbar enlargement ? (legs) Lumbar and sacral plexus exit the spinal cord
(Spinal cord anatomy) The Conus medullaris ? actual End of spinal cord
(Spinal cord anatomy) The cauda equina? (horsetail) individual nerve roots innervate the lower leg and the organs of the pelvic.
(Spinal cord anatomy) The Filum Terminale? (at the end) Fibrous band of tissue that fixes the stabilizes the spinal cord in place
(Spinal cord anatomy) What is white matter in the spinal cord? The myelinated axons in the spinal cord (superficial)
(Spinal cord anatomy) What is grey matter in the spinal cord? The cell bodies, dendrites and interneurons. (deep)
(Spinal cord anatomy) Dorsal root? Entrance for axons of sensory spinal neurons. (ONLY SENSORY)
(Spinal cord anatomy) Dorsal root ganglion? Contains cell bodies of sensory spinal nerves
(Spinal cord anatomy) Spinal nerve? Contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons
(Spinal cord anatomy) Ventral root? Exit for axons of motor neurons
(Spinal cord anatomy) Groove on the posterior spinal cord? Posterior median sulcus
Tracts of the spinal cord? (2) Ascending tracts and Descending tracts
(Tracts of the spinal cord) Ascending tracts? Conduct SENSORY impulses TO the BRAIN (always)
(Tracts of the spinal cord) Descending tracts? Conduct MOTOR impulses FROM the BRAIN to the motor neurons reaching muscles and glands (always)
The Spinal Nerve structure? (3) Epineurium, Perineurium, Endoneurium
(the spinal nerve structure) Epineurium ? Connective tissue around the entire nerve
(the spinal nerve structure) Perineurium? Connective tissue around a fascicle (bundle of nerve fibers)
(the spinal nerve structure) Endoneurium? Connective tissue around a single nerve fiber
(Spinal nerve distribution) Region of skin innervated by a single pair of spinal nerves Dermatome
(Spinal nerve Plexuses) Complex networks formed by anterior branches of spinal nerves fibers of various spinal nerves are sorted and recombined. Plexus? (Braid)
(Spinal nerve Plexuses) Ventral rami plexuses? (4 regions) 1. Cervical plexus 2. Brachial plexus 3. Lumbar plexus 4. sacral plexus
Cervical Plexus? Formed by anterior branches of C1-C4 Lies deep in the neck. Supply muscles and skin of the neck. Phrenic nerves innervates diaphragm.
Phrenic nerves? Innervate Diaphragm (important for breathing)
Brachial plexus? (4) Musculocutaneous nerves, Ulnar and median nerves, Radial nerve, Axillary nerves
Musculoucutaneous Nerves? Supply muscles of anterior arms and skin of forearms Damage or injury can be precisely localized by testing sensory function in the hand.
Ulnar and median nerve? Supply muscles of forearms and hands Supply skin of hands MEDIAN: common site for injury
Radial nerves? Supply posterior muscle of arms and skin of forearms and hand
Axillary nerves? Supply muscles and skin of anterior, lateral and posterior arms
Lumbar and sacral plexuses ? Arise from lumbar and sacral segments of spinal cord Innervate pelvic girdle and lower limbs
Lumbar plexus ? Innervate mostly anterior and side surfaces.
Sacral plexus? Innervates mostly posterior surfaces.
Sciatic nerve? (rope like) Longest and largest nerve in body.
A thin slit in the anterior surface of the spinal cord? Anterior Median fissure.
Created by: hw0993422
 

 



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