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cestode
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| phylum | platyhelminthes (Flatworm) |
| class (tapeworm) | cestodes |
| class (fluke) | trematodes |
| fluke | dorsoventrally flattened, flattened and leaf shaped |
| cestodes | dorsoventrally flattened, ribbonlike, segmented |
| characteristics | long, segmented, ribbonlike, absorb nutrients through cuticle (no digestive tract), true tapeworm, pseudotapeworm |
| scolex | anterior end, some have retractable structure called rostellum (Armed) backward facing hooks, 4 suckers, |
| strobila | body, proglottids, most mature proglottids are at distal end, hermaphroditic, genital pores usually open at the lateral margins |
| eggs | spread by detaching a whole gravid segment full of eggs, contain larval stage (hexacanth), |
| pyriform apparatur | an egg with three covering |
| Dipylidium egg | egg packet contain multiple hexacanth within one egg |
| taenia egg | wide outer shell with a thicker outer covering and a 6 hooked hexacanth within the egg |
| pseudophyllidean egg | has an operculum at one end |
| cysticercoid | single invaginated scolex, tiny fluid filled space, flea/grain mite |
| cysticercus | single bladder with 1 scolex, fluid filled, IM is a mammal such as a rabbit |
| strobilocercus | cysticercus that has begun to elongate and segment while still in the IH |
| coenurus | single fluid filled bladder with many scolices |
| hydatid unilocular | contains brood capsules which release scolices, grows slowly |
| hydatid alveolar | cyst with exogenous budding, invasive, doesnt remain contained within capsule, known only for echinococcus multilocularis |
| Dipylidium caninum | flea tapewor |
| Dipylidium caninum location | small intestine |
| Dipylidium caninum prepatent period | 14-21 days |
| Dipylidium caninum proglottids | cucumber seed shaped, dried rice grains when found stuck to fur or bedding, bilateral genital pores |
| Dipylidium caninum eggs | seldom seen, egg packet up to 20 eggs |
| Dipylidium caninum signs | not highly pathogenic, anal pruritus |
| Dipylidium caninum diagnosis | tapeworm segment, squash prep of segment |
| Dipylidium caninum treatment | praziquantel, epsiprantel, must also treat for fleas, all animal in household |
| Taenia sp. host | dogs |
| Taenia sp. location | small intestine |
| Taenia sp. common name | canine taeniid |
| Taenia sp. morpholgy | segment usually rectangular, genital pores open in irregular sequences, scolex armed, |
| T. pisiformis | common in hunting and farm dogs, IH rabbits |
| t. hydatigena | more common in farm dogs, IH ruminants |
| t. taeniaegormis | cats, IH rodents |
| t. ovis | dogs ingesting infected sheep |
| Taenia saginata | beef tapeworm of man |
| Taenia saginata IH | cattle, encyst in muscle of IH, cysticercus |
| Taenia solium | pork tapeworm of man, most dangerous adult tapeworm of humans |
| Taenia solium IH | pig |
| echinococcus | smallest cestode, scolex, 3 proglottids, extreme zoonotic potential, hydatid disease |
| echinococcus granulosus host | dogs |
| echinococcus granulosus IH | sheep, cattle, humans |
| echinococcus granulosus hydatide | unilocular hydatid cyst, liver, lung, other organs, thick cyst wall, thin germinal membrane |
| Echinococcus multilocularis host | cats |
| Echinococcus multilocularis IH | rodents, insectivores, man |
| Echinococcus multilocularis hydatide | multilocular hydatid cyst, liver, lungs, lack thick cyst wall, very invasive, |
| Echinococcus multilocularis treatment | praziquantel can treat adults but will not affect hydatid cysts |
| Mesocestoides sp. host | dogs, cat, other carnivores |
| Mesocestoides sp. IH | requires 2, 1: mites, cysticercoid 2: rats/mice, tetrathyridium, asexual reproduction, found in serous cavities/peritoneal cavity/liver |
| Mesocestoides sp. location | small intestine |
| Mesocestoides sp. morphology | scolex: oblong with four suckers, unarmed centrally located uterine pore |
| Anoplocephala perfoliate, A. magna, Paranoplocephala mamillana host | horse |
| Anoplocephala perfoliate, A. magna, Paranoplocephala mamillana IH | grain mites |
| A. perfoliate location | small/large intestine, cecum |
| A. perfoliate morphology | prominent lappets, each proglottid has only one set of male and female organs, wider than long |
| A. Magna location | small intestine, occasional stomach |
| A. Magna morphology | longer, large oblong scolex, lacking lappets |
| P. mamillana location | small intestine, occasional stomach |
| P. mamillana | dwarf tapeworm |
| P. mamillana morphology | narrow scolex |
| Moniezia host | cattle (m.benedini) cattle/sheep/goat (m.expansa) |
| Moniezia location | small intestine |
| Moniezia IH | grain mites |
| Moniezia prepatent period | 40 days |
| Moniezia morphology | scolex is unarmed, proglottids very short and wide, two set of laterally located genital pores |
| Thysanosoma actinoides host | sheep, goat, cattle |
| Thysanosoma actinoides location | lumen of the bile duct, pancreatic ducts, small intestine, |
| Thysanosoma actinoides IH | unknown |
| Thysanosoma actinoides | fringed tapeworm of sheep and goats |
| pseudotapeworms morphology | never armed, only 2 suckers, genital pores centrally located, majority of segment in same stage of development, 2 IH |
| eggs | make contact with water and release a ciliated hexacanth |
| Diphyllobothrium latum host | dog, cat, human |
| Diphyllobothrium latum IH 1 | aquatic crustaceans |
| Diphyllobothrium latum IH 2 | most fresh water fish |
| Diphyllobothrium latum location | small intestine |
| Diphyllobothrium latum morphology | longest known cestode |
| Diphyllobothrium latum | broadfish tapeworm of man |
| Diphyllobothrium latum importance | absorbs B12 can cause pernicious anemia |
| Diphyllobothrium latum egg | continually release eggs until exhaust uterine contents |
| Spirometra species host | dog, cat |
| Spirometra species IH 1 | aquatic crustacean |
| Spirometra species IH 2 | water snake, fish, frogs |
| Spirometra species | zipper tapeworm |
Created by:
2015079002206868