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Vocab List 1
AP LANG
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Apostrophe | A figure of speech that is used to address someone who is absent or already dead |
| Allusion | An indirect reference to something |
| Antithesis | Two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses, or even ideas with parallel |
| Alliteration | The repetition of words, especially initial consonant sounds |
| Aphorism | A brief or unfriendly statement of a known writer which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. |
| Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things |
| Anecdotes | A brief recounting of a relevant episode used to develop a point or to inject humor |
| Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning |
| Anaphora | Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row |
| Cliche | A word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse |
| Conceit | An elaborate metaphor that compares two things that are startlingly different |
| Euphemism | A more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts |
| Hyperbole | A figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect |
| Irony | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true. |
| Metonymy | the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it |
| Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity |
| Oxymoron | A figure of speech that combines contradictory words with opposing meanings |
| Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity |
| Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions |
| Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which, most often, a part of something is used to refer to its whole |
| Simile | direct comparisons using "like" or "as" |
| Understatement | The description of something as having much less of a particular quality than it does |
| Declarative | States an idea |
| Imperative | Sentences that issue a command, make a request, or give instructions |
| Exclamatory sentence | Suggests great emotion or emphasis |
| Interrogative sentence | Asking a question |
| Loose sentence | A sentence with a main point (independent clause) at the beginning of it, followed by some side points (subordinating clauses) |
| Balanced sentence | A sentence made up of two parts that are roughly equal in length, importance, and grammatical structure |
| Periodic sentence | Sentences whose main clause is placed at the end of a sentence |
| Parallel sentence | Sentence construction which places equal grammatical constructions near each other, or repeats identical grammatical patterns |
| Simple sentence | Contains only one independent clause, or complete thought |
| Compound sentence | Has at least two independent clauses joined by a comma, semicolon or conjunction |
| Complex sentence | Contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses |
| Cumulative sentence | An independent clause followed by one or more modifiers |
| Imperative sentence | Used to express commands/orders or requests and also to give instructions or some advice |
| Rhetorical question | A question asked solely to produce an effect and not to prompt a reply |
| Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage |
| Inversion | When the writer changes the normal order of words |
| Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color |
| Connotation | The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; implied, suggested meaning |
| Jargon | The specific type of language used by a particular group or profession |
| Passive voice | When the subject of the sentence receives the action |
| Colloquial | Characteristic of writing that seeks the effect of informal spoken language as distinct from formal or literary English |
| Pedestrian | Language of the common man |
| Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language |
| Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish, show-offy language |
| Sarcasm | Uses irony to mock someone or something or convey contempt |
| Satire | A technique employed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society, by using humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule |
| Tone | The way a writer conveys attitudes |
| Mood | The atmosphere created by the literature and accomplished through word choice or diction |
| Wit | Humorous, while suggesting the speaker's verbal power is creating ingenious and perceptive remarks |
| Euphonious | Pleasant in sound, agreeable to the ear, characterized by euphony |
| Cacophonous | The use of combination of words with loud, harsh sounds |
Created by:
daffodils1
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