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1D Kinematics
Speed/Velocity/Acceleration in 1 direction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mechanics | the study of the motion of objects |
| Kinematics | the motion of points, bodies, and systems of bodies without considering the forces that cause them to move. |
| 4 Kinematic Equations | vf = vi + a t Δ x = 1/2( vf + vi ) t Δ x = vi(t) + 1/2 (a) t^2 vf^2 = vi^2 + 2 (a) Δ x |
| Motion | when an object changes its position with respect to time. |
| Linear motion | when an object moves in a straight line |
| Circular motion (parabolic) | when an object moves along a curved path |
| Vibrational motion | when an object simply vibrates - often making a wave. |
| Rotational motion | when an object rotates around a fixed position (toy top) |
| Speed | how fast an object is moving |
| Scalar quantity | fully described by a magnitude alone (Number + Units) |
| Vector quantity | described by both magnitude (Number + Units) and direction |
| Velocity | rate at which an object changes its position (Speed + Direction) |
| Acceleration | rate at which an object's velocity changes |
| Distance | 'how much ground an object covered' during its motion |
| Displacement | 'how far out of place an object is'; overall change in position |
| Instantaneous speed | speed at any given instant in time |
| Average speed | average of all instantaneous speeds (Total Distance / Total Time) |
| Instantaneous velocity | the velocity of an object under motion at a specific point of time |
| Average velocity | the total displacement divided by the total time |
| Positive acceleration | when an object is speeding up in the positive direction / when an object is slowing down in the negative direction |
| Negative acceleration | when an object is slowing down in the positive direction/ when an object is speeding up in the negative direction |
| Vector diagrams | diagrams that depict the direction and relative magnitude of a vector quantity by a vector arrow |
| Centripetal acceleration | the property of the motion of an object traversing a circular path. Any object that is moving in a circle and has an acceleration vector pointed towards the center of that circle |
| Speed Equation | Speed = Distance/Time ( S = d/t ) |
| Velocity Equation | Velocity = displacement/time ( V = x/t ) |
| Acceleration Equation | Acceleration = Change in Velocity / time ( a = ∆V/t ) |
| Change in position ( ∆x ) | ∆x = xf - xi |
| Change in time ( ∆t ) | ∆t = tf - ti |
Created by:
MR.JONES!
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