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Chemistry Test 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pure substances that cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means to other substances | Element |
| smallest identifiable unit of element | Atom |
| In history there were ________ in alchemy (what) | 4 elements Earth, water, air, fire |
| Who recorded the ideas of atoms | Democritus, and his mentor Leucippus |
| What did Democritus suggest | that if you divide matter into smaller and smaller pieces you end up with tiny indestructible particles |
| These were called? | atomos or atoms meaning indivisible |
| Who proposed an atomic theory, and created chem as we know it today | John Dalton |
| proposal #1 (say it and what changed) | changed- subatomic particles- p+, n, e- nuclear chem- can change identity |
| Proposal #2 (say it and what changed) | changed- isotopes of same element have different masses |
| Proposal #3 (say it and what changed) | changed- H2o H2o2 hydrogen peroxide |
| Proposal #4 (say it and what changed) | changed- nuclear chem |
| What did the Thomsons' Cathode Ray do? | electrons |
| What were they composed of? | negatively charged particles (electrons) in a vacuum tube positive side to (+ attracts -) |
| The e0 were spread evenly throughout the positive charge of the rest of the atom | The Plum Pudding model |
| what caused the discovery of the Nucleus | Thomson Rutherford's gold foil experiment |
| Densely packed of matter with a positive charge (proton) | nucleus |
| Review Rutherford's Nuclear Theory of the Atom | YAY! |
| + electrical charge, atomic mass unit (amu)= 1 | protons |
| - negative electrical charge, (amu)= 0 | Electrons |
| no electrical charge, (amu)= 1 | Neutrons |
| -component of protons and neutrons | Quarks |
| 6 types | 3 quarks= 1 proton or 1 neutron |
| what hold the nucleus together | Nuclear Forces |
| more than one element, chemically combined, can be chemically decomposed to these atoms | Chemical Compounds |
| 2 or more atoms chemically combined | molecules |
| Small numbers found to the right of each element - A subscript tells how many of each atom is in the compound (molecule) | Subscripts |
| number placed in front of the formula that indicates the number of molecules | Coefficients |
| # of protons | Atomic Number |
| Mass Number= | # protons + # neutrons |
| Atoms of same element (same atomic #) but different mass number (p+n), chemical reactions same, properties are the same | Isotopes |
| Hydrogen 1 | Protium |
| 2 | Deuterium |
| 3 | Tritium |
| general term for specific isotope of an element | nuclide |
| atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge | Ions |
| Taking away an electron for atoms give | Cation, more protons + |
| Adding an electron to an atom give | Anion, more electrons - |
| ion charge= | number of protons- number of electrons |
| 1= | x+y |
| y= | 1-x |
| to find abundance: | l00- given abundance |
| Unit is | amu |
| Avrg. atomic mass | (fraction of isotope x mass of isotope) |
| %(decimal) abundance A x mass A + % (decimal) abundance B x mass B | Another way to find Avg. |
Created by:
astei
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