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Layers of the Earth

TermDefinition
Crust The layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface.
Mantle The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core.
Outer Core A layer of molten (liquid) iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth
Inner Core A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
Lithosphere A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.
Asthenosphere The putty like layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Basalt Mostly found in oceanic crust
Granite Mostly found in continental crust
Tectonic plates Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection currents.
Continental Crust The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite. It is older, thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.
Oceanic Crust The portion of Earth's crust that is below the oceans and is mostly made up of basalt. It is younger, thinner, and more dense than continental crust.
Convection Currents Circular currents in the mantle caused by the magma being heated by the core off the Earth. (Warm rock rises, colder rock sinks)
Seismic Waves Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
Types of evidence to learn about Earth's interior seismic waves, volcanic rock, meteorites
 



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