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Study Guide 19
Vital Signs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How is a glass thermometer used and what should you be cautious about when using one? | Before you use a glass thermometer you have to shake the liquid down and be careful to not break them |
| What is a pulse deficit? What would the pulse deficit be for an apical pulse of 82 and a radial pulse of 70? | Pulse deficit is the difference between the apical and radial pulse (12) |
| Why is an oral temperature taken instead of a different method? (benefits of it over other ways) | It is simple + causes minimal discomfort |
| What type of thermometer is most accurate and least invasive? | Temporal (forehead) |
| What is the priority of using an electronic thermometer? Think in terms of infection control. | Making sure the instrument is cleaned (sheath is provided/discarded) |
| What is the best way to describe pulse rhythm? | The regularity with which the person's heart beats |
| Why should you not use the thumb when measuring pulses? | Because the thumbs have their own strong pulse |
| What pulse point is best to take during CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)? | Caroid |
| Dyspnea? | Labored or difficult respirations |
| Blood pressure is measured using what measurement? | millimeters of Mercury (mm HG) |
| What phase is when the heart muscle is relaced? | Diastolic |
| What position should the patient's arm be placed during blood pressure taking? | The arm should be placed so that the forearm is level with the heart and the palm facing upward |
| What is the normal rectal temperature range? | 98.6-100.6 |
| What type of scale is used for weighting a patient that can't stand for long periods of time? | A chair scale |
| What is febrile? | Febrile is having a fever or high temperature |
| Routine vital signs pulse is taken where? | Radial artery (the wrist) |
| Hypertension? What makes a person have a diagnosis of hypertension? | High blood pressure - if their systolic is higher than 140 mm HG or if their diastolic is higher than 90 mm HG |
| How is the respiratory rate taken? What is important to not tell your patient? | If respiratory rhythm is normal than either look at the person's chest or place hand near the person's collar bone and count for 30 seconds - if irregular count for 60 (don't tell them you are taking it) |
| Hypotension? | Low blood pressure - if their systolic is lower than 90 mm HG or if their diastolic is lower than 60 mm HG |
| What is orthostatic hypotension? What should you be watching for when you care for the patient with this? | the sudden decrease in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up from sitting or lying down - watch for lightheadedness or faintness |
| Normal range of oral temperature? | 97.6-99.6 |
| What is pulse amplitude? | The force or quality of the pulse (pulses that are weak or thready means the heart is having trouble circulating blood throughout the body) |
| How is the apical pulse done? What position is the patient in? | By placing the diaphragm of the stethoscope under the person's clothing against the person's chest while the person is in semi-sitting position |
| Normal HR range for adult... | 60-100 beats/min |
| Normal RR range for adult... | 12-20 breaths/min (eupnea) |
| Normal BP range for adult... | 120/80 (mm Hg) |
| A weight increase of 4 lbs in 72 hours might be a sign of what? | A necessary adjustment is needed of their medication or they have a disease |
| Normal range for axillary temperature? | 96.6-98.6 |
| Normal range for tympanic temperature? | 98.6 |
| Normal range for temporal temperature? | 99.6 |
| Body heat is produced... | as a normal process of metabolism |
| Body temperature = ... | the difference between heat produced and heat lost by the body |
| What are some factors that affect body temperature? | Physical/ emotional stress, environmental temperature, time of day, age, and gender |
| Pyrexia? | increased body temperature |
| What does normal body temperature range from? | 0.5 degrees to 1 degrees above or below the range considered "normal" |
| Dysrhythmia? | irregular pulse rate |
| What are some factors affecting pulse rate? | physical activity, anger/anxiety, and certain medications |
| Ventilation? | Inhalation of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide |
| Blood pressure? | the force that the blood exerts on the arterial walls |
| What are some factors affecting blood pressure? | Cardiac output, blood volume, resistance to blood flow, age, gender, and race |
Created by:
25smlyford