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human anatomy

Articulation

QuestionAnswer
(Function of joints) What is Articulation? Functional areas between bones. Binding skeletal systems together, allows for growth, Allows for change in shape during childbirth.
(Function of joints) What is Movement? In conjunction with bones and muscles
(Classification of joints) Fibrous Joints? Dense CT to connect bones, Between bones in close contact.
(Classification of joints) Cartilage Joints? (two types) Hyaline Cartilage, Fibrocartilage
(Classification of joints) Synovial Joints? (movement) Freely moving, Complex structure
(Classification of joints) What is Synarthrotic? Immovable (teeth, skull)
(Classification of joints) What is Amphiarthrotic? Slightly Movable (twisting your arm, ulna and radius)
(Classification of joints) What is Diarthrotic? Freely Movable
(Fibrous Joints) What are the 3 types of Fibrous joints? Syndesmosis, Suture, Gomphosis
(Fibrous Joints) What is Syndesmosis? Sheet or bundle of fibrous tissue connects parallel bones, Amphiarthrotic, Examples= between tibia and fibula or radius and ulna
(Fibrous Joints) What is Gomphosis? Cone-shape bony process in a socket, Tooth in jawbone, Synarthrotic.
(Fibrous Joints) What is Suture? Between flat bones, Synarthrotic, Thin layer of connective tissue, Connects bones.
(Fibrous Joints) What are the 3 types of Sutures? Serrate suture, Squamousal suture, Plain Suture.
(Fibrous Joints) What is Serrate Suture? Frontal/Parietal
(Fibrous Joints) What is Squamousal Suture? Temporal bone/parietal
(Fibrous Joints) What is Plain Suture? Palatine bones. (top of mouth)
(Cartilaginous Joints) What 2 types of Cartilaginous joints are there? Synchondrosis, Symphysis
(Cartilaginous Joints) What is Synchondrosis? Bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones, Epiphyseal plate (temporary), Synarthrotic.
(Cartilaginous Joints) What is Symphysis? Pad of Fibrocartilage between bones, Pubis symphysis, Joints between bodies of adjacent vertebrae, Amphiarthrotic
(Synovial Joints) Typical components, Joint Casual? Dense CT for protection; continuous with periosteum.
(Synovial Joints) Typical components Synovial membranes? Produces synovial fluid.
(Synovial Joints) Typical components Synovial fluid? Lubricates, provided nutrition, and cushion.
(Synovial Joints) Typical components Articulation cartilage? Hyaline cartilage. (found in the ends of bones)
(Synovial Joints) What do Accessory structures do? Provides support and additional stability, Not all are included in every joint, but most are seen in the knee.
(Synovial Joints) What is Bursa? Small pocket filled with synovial fluid (like a pillow) Often form in areas where tendons or ligament rubs against other tissues, Reduces friction and act as shock absorbers
(Synovial Joints) What is Fat pads? Adipose tissue, protect articular cartilage.
(Synovial Joints) What is Meniscus? Pad of fibrocartilage between bones.
(Synovial Joints types) Pivot means? Rotational movement. (Vertebra axis)
(Synovial Joints types) Hinge Means? Flexion and extension (elbow, knee)
(Synovial Joints types) Saddle Means? Opposable thumbs (Thumbs, Tarsal, carpal, vertebra)
(Synovial Joints types) Plane/gliding Means? Sliding movement
(Synovial Joints types) Condyloid Means? Ellipsoid movement (knuckles)
(Synovial Joints types) Ball-and-socket Means? Widest range of movement (Shoulder, Hip)
(Articular Movements) What is Flexion? Anterior/Posterior movement that reduces angle between articulating elements.
(Articular Movements) What is Lateral Flexion? Vertebral column bending to the side.
(Articular Movements) What is Dorsal flexion? Flexion at ankle joint and elevation of sole.
(Articular Movements) What is Plantar Flexion? Extension at ankle joint and elevation of heel.
(Articular Movements) What is Extension? Anterior/Posterior movement that Increases angle between articulating elements.
(Articular Movements) What is Hyperextension? Extension past the anatomical postion.
(Articular Movements) What is Abduction and Adduction For? For singers or toes, movements are spreading digits apart or bringing them together.
(Articular Movements) What is Abduction? (ab, from) Movement away from body longitudinal axis in frontal plane.
(Articular Movements) What is Adduction? (ad, to) Movement towards body longitudinal axis in frontal plane.
(Articular Movements) What is Circumduction? Moving arm or thigh as if to draw a big circle at the distal end of limb.
(Articular Movements) What is Rotation? When applied to the trunk, described as left and right rotation when applied to limbs.
(Articular Movements) What is Medial Rotation? (internal or inward rotation) Anterior surface of limbs towards trunk long axis.
(Articular Movements) What is Lateral Rotation? (external or outward rotation) Anterior surface of limbs away from trunk long axis.
(Articular Movements) What is Eversion/Inversion? Medial and lateral movement of foot.
(Articular Movements) What is Protraction/Retraction? Anterior and Posterior movement of a body part (chicken head)
(Articular Movements) What is Elevation/Depression? Superior and inferior movement of body parts.
(Articular Movements) What is Pronation/supination? Palm facing posteriorly/palm facing anteriorly.
(Clinical Applications) What is Osteopenia? inadequate ossification leading to loss of bone mass, Often occurs with age beginning between 30 and 40, More severe in woman than men.
(Clinical Applications) What is Osteoporosis? Bone loss sufficient to affect normal function.
(Clinical Applications) What is strain and sprains? Damage to cartilage, ligaments, or tendons often from forceful twisting of joint.
(Clinical Applications) What is a strain? Muscle of tendons.
(Clinical Applications) What is a Sprain? Ligaments.
(Clinical Applications) What is Buritis and Tendonitis? Inflammation of bursa or tendons, Overuse of a joint.
(Clinical Applications) What is Arthritis? Inflamed, swollen, painful joints.
(Clinical Applications) What is Rheumatoid Arthritis? (RA) Soft tissue turns to bone.
(Clinical Applications) What is Osteoarthritis? Wear and Tear.
(Clinical Applications) What is Gout? Build up of uric acid in joint (big toe often)
Created by: hw0993422
 

 



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