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Art 188 Exam 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gare Saint-Lazare | Monet, 19th century, Impressionism example of a plein air painting Monet was extremely focused on the natural light when painting this. |
| What is a plein air painting? | A painting of outdoors done away from the studio. Canvases were small because they had to be portable, common with impressionists |
| Who were the impressionists? | The first organized independent group of artists. They had 8 exhibits from 1874-1888. Fascinated with the rapid rate of change causes by Hausmanization. |
| What was a new paint technology used by impressionists? | Oil paint in tubes, Monet used this so he could take his paints to his outdoor locations. |
| Le Moulin de la Galette | Renoir, 19th century. Figures are cut off on the side and there is an interest in light. Renoir worked with Monet. |
| The Rehersal on Stage | Degas, 19th century, Pastel on paper. Well known for ballet dancers and painting women as working. |
| What was the name of the Japanese woodblock painting she showed us? | The evening bell at the clock, 18th century. IMpressionists looked to these. |
| Starry Night | Van Gogh, 19th century, Post-Impressionism. In the museum of modern art in new york. |
| Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte | Seurat, 19th century, shown at an impressionist exhibit but considered Post-Impressionism. Example of pointilllism. |
| Pointillism | separating color into its component parts and applying the colors to canvas in tiny dots |
| The Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life) | Matisse, 20th century, example of avant garde art. Matisse was a member of the Fauves |
| What is Fauvism | A group of artists, including Matisse, that mean "The Wild Beasts". |
| What is avant garde? | Different. literally means soldiers who go out ahead of the rest of the army. People who start change |
| Street | Kircher, Berlin, 20th century Example of German Expressionism |
| Who were the German Expressionists? | A group of artists from 1908-1914 that were interested in expressive possibilities of color. Van Gogh shared same expressionist use of color. Interested in anatomical distortion. |
| Improvisation 28 | Kardinsky, 20h century. Concerned with Spiritual art |
| Les Demoiselles d'Avignon | Picasso, 20th Century, in museum of modern art in NYC. not really a style but painted in response to Matisses 'Joy of Life" |
| Houses at l'Estaque | Braque, 20th century. Example of analytical cubism |
| What are the two types of cubism? | Analytical (breaks down form) and Synthetic (builds up form) |
| Violin and Palette | Braque, 20th century. Example of analytical cubism |
| Ma Jolie | Picasso, 20th century, Example of analytical cubism. |
| Glass and Bottle of Suze | Picasso, 20th century. Synthetic cubism. Pasted paper, gouache and charcoal. Example of paper colle. |
| What is paper colle? | pasted paper collage |
| When was WWI? How and where did it start? | 1914-1918. With the assasination of arch duke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. |
| Photograph "War Dead" | Photograph in France, it was censored from French press. A soldier skewered by a tree branch. end of WWI, most horrific war yet |
| Photograph "War Wounded" | published in L'Illustration which was a French Magazine. Shows how culture had been so assaulted in WWI. |
| WWI was often nicknamed the ____ _____. | "great test" or "great war" |
| What type of art was the first art response to WWI? | Avant garde art called "Dada" |
| What is Dada? | An international movement of art that began in switzerland. Most radical, artistic response to the war. It was a complete break to traditionally accepted. |
| when was the first Dada exhibit? | 1921 |
| Who was the founder of Dada? | Hugo Ball in Zurich, Switzerland |
| What was the Cabarnet Voltaire | The bar where in 1916 the sound poem, "Karawane" was recited by the Dadaist. |
| Who was Marcel Duchamp? | He worked in a variety of styles, including Dada. He challanged art in ways that artists today are still copying and figuring out |
| Who created "readymade" art and what is it? | Ready made was created by Duchamp. Artist declares an already manufactured object to be a piece of art. Such as Duchamps bicycle wheel. |
| L.H.O.O.Q. | 1918 Duchamp's defacing of the Mona Lisa on postcards. Means there is a fire up her butt or she is horny. this is an example of Dada |
| Rrose Selary | 1921, photo by Man Ray. It is Duchamp dressed up in drag poking fun at art establishments. |
| Fountain | 1917 Duchamp. exhibited in Society for Independent Artists. signed it "R.Mutt". Diagnol composition. |
| What is the film we watched in class? | Un chien Andalou by Bunheul and Dali. this is a surrealist film. 1929 |
| What is surrealist art? | Interest in irrational, dream and dream-like states, unconscious, sexual desire, fear. |
| When did Surrealism begin? | 1924 in Paris. First person to do with it was Andre Breton and it developed around the same time as Dada. |
| The Horde | Max Ernst, 1927, oil on canvas. Surrealism and Ernst was a german dadaist. |
| What is automatism? | method of composing with no preconceived structure or subject |
| What is grattage? | an automatist technique used to make paintings by scraping off layers of paint from a canvas laid on a textured structure.1 |
| Who was the most important artist to do with surrealist dada? | Max Ernst. |
| Object (Luncheon in Fur) | Meret Opperheim, 1936. Female French Surrealist. took a common thing (cup saucer and spoon) and made it unfamiliar and strange. |
| What is Opperheim's "object" covered in? | Chinese gazelle fur |
| When was the Surrealist Object exhibition? | 1936. Things found in flea markets, antique art from africa, and objects made were all exhibited together. |
| Suprematist Painting | 1915. Eight Red Rectangles. Russian painter who thought that anybody could approach this because it was so basic and that geometric art would lead to the betterment of society. |
| What is suprematism | Tendency of finding the "supremacy of pure feeling in creative art" |
| What is utopia? | Imaginary political and social system in which relationships between individuals and state are perfectly adjusted. |
| Compostion with Red, Yellow, Blue | 1927. Monavian, Dutch painter. Also believed geometric painting would lead to the betterment of society. Did hundred of paintings like this one. |
| What is Monavians Compostions with Red, Yellow, Blue an example of? | example of de stijl. |
| Detroit Indusrty | Diego Rivera, fresco in situ. Garden Court in Detroit Institute of Arts. 1932. Theme is construction of automobile from natural resources to finished product. |
| Who was the most famous Mexican painter around 1930s? | Diego Rivera |
| Who was Detroit Industry commissioned by? | Henry Ford and William Valentiner |
| Dada Wall | "Degenerate Art" exhibition in Munich's Haus der Kunst in 1937. Put on by Nazi's to show what was NOT acceptable. |
| Geunica | Picasso, 1937, oil on canvas. INstalled at the Spanish pavilion of the Paris Universal Exposition |
| The Worker and the Collective Farm Worker | Vera Mukhina. 1937. sculpture for the Soviet Union Pavilion in the Paris Universal Expostion. Stainless steel. An example of "socialist realism". |
| Cow with the Subtile Nose | Dubuffet, oil and enamel on canvas, an example of Art Brut |
| what is art brut? | embrace of the ugly |
| City Square | Giacometti, City Square, 1948, bronze, |
| Autumn Rhythm (number 30) | Pollock, 1950, enamel on canvas -an example of Abstract Expressionism and action painting |
| Anthropometries of the Blue Period | Klein, performance art |
| Anthropometry: Princess Helena | Klein, 1960, oil and paper on wood, first exmaple of performance art |
Created by:
cheertytko