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Chemistry
Chapter 3 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a homogeneous mixture | solution |
| states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction | law of conservation of mass |
| states that regardless of the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass | law of definite proportions |
| states that different masses of one element combine with the same relative mass of another element to form different compounds | law of multiple proportions |
| the grid organizing elements into periods and groups | periodic table |
| the ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound | percent by mass |
| three physical forms that describe all matter that exists on earth | states of matter |
| a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles from a solution | crystallization |
| a technique that separates the components of a mixture | chromatography |
| a form of matter with a constant volume that takes the shape of its container | liquid |
| a form of matter with a definite shape and volume | solid |
| how are chemical and physical properties related? | both are descriptions of matter |
| how are chemical and physical properties different? | physical property-describes without changing what it is chemical property-how it changes or interacts w/ another substance |
| how are substances and mixtures related? | both are types of matter |
| how are substances and mixtures different? | substance is a chemical combination mixture is a physical combination |
| is color physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, intensive |
| is the tendency to rust physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | chemical |
| is boiling point physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, intensive |
| is density physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, intensive |
| is mass physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, extensive |
| is the ability to burn physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | chemical |
| is malleability physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, intensive |
| is the ability to conduct electricity physical or chemical? intensive or extensive? | physical, intensive |
| what is an example of an alloy? | sterling silver |
| what is an example of an element? | gold |
| what is an example of a gas? | methane |
| what is an example of a vapor? | steam |
| what is an example of a compound? | salt |
| what is an example of a homogeneous mixture? | clean air |
| what is an example of an element? | aluminum |
| is breaking a pencil chemical or physical? | physical |
| is wood burning chemical or physical? | chemical |
| is silver tarnishing chemical or physical? | chemical |
| is ice melting chemical or physical? | physical |
| is hard-boiling an egg chemical or physical? | chemical |
| is grinding coffee beans chemical or physical? | physical |
| is burning gasoline chemical or physical? | chemical |
| is stainless steel homogeneous of heterogeneous? | homo |
| is granite homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is air homogeneous of heterogeneous? | homo |
| is blood homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is lotion homogeneous of heterogeneous? | homo |
| is oil and water homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is wild bird seed homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is chunky peanut butter homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is dirt homogeneous of heterogeneous? | hetero |
| is vinegar homogeneous of heterogeneous? | homo |
| is gasoline homogeneous of heterogeneous? | homo |
| how would you separate two substances with different boiling points? | distillation |
| how would you separate sand from water | filtration |
| what are the states of matter? | solid, liquid, gas |
| what state of matter has no definite shape or volume? | gas |
| gaseous state of a substance that normally is a solid or liquid at room temperature | vapor |
| what is a quality of a solid? | -is a compressed state of matter (particles are as close as possible) |
| what are some qualities of a liquid? | -flows -compressed state of matter -particles as close as solid but have enough energy to slid by eachother |
| what are some qualities of a gas? | -flows -can be compressed -has lots of space between particles |
| a characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition | physical property |
| what are some examples of physical properties? | -density-color-odor-hardness-melting point-freezing point-boiling point |
| dependent on amount of substance | extensive properties |
| examples of extensive properties | mass-volume-length-width-height |
| independent of the amount of substance | intensive properties |
| examples of intensive properties | density-freezing point |
| ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances | chemical properties |
| examples of chemical properties | rust-burn-corrode-color change |
| what problems exist with classifying matter by its state? | it can change as temperature changes |
| does not change a substance's composition | physical change |
| examples of physical changes | cutting, breaking |
| changes one or more substances into new substance(s) | chemical change |
| examples of chemical change | rusting-becomes weaker-burn-tarnish-explode |
| what is some evidence that a chemical change has occurred? | color change-bubbles-energy change |
| what is the equation for law of conservation of mass? | mass of reactants=mass of products |
| combination of two or more pure substances in which each substance retains its individual chemical properties | mixture |
| mixture that does not blend smoothly and individual substances remain distinct | heterogenous mixture |
| mixture with constant composition throughout | homogenous mixture |
| what is another name for a homogenous mixture? | solution |
| how can you separate mixtures? | filtration-distillation-crystallization-sublimation-chromatography |
| what is filtration? | separating solids / liquids |
| what is distillation? | separates using boiling points |
| what is crystallization? | separates by setting crystals out of solution |
| what is sublimation? | separates solid out by changing the solid to gas with out going through a liquid state |
| what is chromatography? | separates mixtures based on the ability of the component to travel across the surface of another material |
| pure substance that cannot be separated into anything simpler substance by chemical or physical means | element |
| what are vertical columns on the periodic table | groups or families |
| what are the horizontal rows on the periodic table | periods |
| two or more different elements that are combined chemically | compounds |
| what is the % by mass formula | % by mass=(mass of elements)/(mass of compound) then multiply by 100 |
| when different compounds are formed by a combination of the same element, different masses of one element combine with the same relative mass of the other element in a ration of small whole numbers | law of multiple proportions |
Created by:
random567