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Solubility rules
nag sag, pms, castro bear
| condition | solubility | explanation |
|---|---|---|
| compounds with ammonium ions (NH4+) | always soluble | NAG S(A)G |
| compounds with alkali metal cations (Group 1) | always soluble | NA(G) SAG - Li+, Na+, K+, etc |
| nitrates (NO3-) | always soluble | (N)AG SAG |
| chloride (Cl-), bromide (Br-), iodide (I-) | mostly soluble, with exception of PMS | NAG SA(G) - group 17 ions PMS - lead, mercury, silver |
| silver chloride (AgCl) | insoluble | exception: PM(S) |
| sulfates (SO4^2-) | mostly soluble, with exception of PMS and Castro Bear | NAG (S)AG; exceptions PMS and Castro Bear |
| carbonates (CO3^2-), sulfites (SO3^2-), phosphates (PO4^3-) | usually insoluble, with the exception of ammonium and alkali ions | Li2CO3 (lithium carbonate) is soluble CrCO3 (chromium carbonate) is insoluble |
| sulfides (S2-), hydroxides (OH-) | usually insoluble, with the exception of ammonium and alkali ions AND Castro Bear | BaS (barium sulfide) is soluble Cr2S3 (chromium III sulfide) is insoluble |
| oxides (O^2-) | usually insoluble, with the exception of calcium, barium, and alkali cations | BaO (barium oxide) is soluble MgO (magnesium oxide) is insoluble |
| NAG SAG | always soluble | (N)itrates, (A)cetates, (G)roup 1 (S)ulfates, (A)mmonium, (G)roup 17 |
| PMS and Castro Bear | exceptions | Pb^2+ (lead), Hg^2+ (mercury), Ag+ (silver) Ca^2+ (Calcium), St^2+ (Strontium), Ba^2+ (Barium) |
| acetates (C2H3O2- or CH3COO-) | usually soluble | C2H3NaO2 (sodium acetate) very soluble AgC2H3O2 (silver acetate) barely soluble |
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