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Physics definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Normal force | The force acting along the imaginary line perpendicular to the surface of the plane |
| Average speed | The rate of change of distance. Avg speed = distance/time |
| Period | Time taken to complete one revolution. Period = time/no. of revolutions |
| Centripetal acceleration | The acceleration experienced by any object in a circular path directed towards the centre of motion (symbol ac, SI units m/s2) |
| Centripetal force | The force acting on an object travelling in a circle that constantly either pulls or pushes the object in towards the centre of motion (Symbol Fnet, SI unit N) |
| Newtons law of universal gravitation | The force of attraction between each pair of point particles that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square to the distance between them |
| Gravitational fields | The region of space surrounding a body in which another body experiences a force of gravitational attraction |
| Keplers first law of planetary motion | The first law states that all planes move about the Sun in elliptical orbits, having the Sun as one of the foci |
| Keplers second law of planetary motion | The second law states that a radius vector joining any planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal lengths of time |
| Keplers third law of planetary motion | The third law states that the squares of the sidereal period of the planets are directly proportional to the cubes of their mean distance from the Sun |
| Coulombs law | A law stating that the electrical charges repel and opposite electric charges attract, with the force proportional to the product of the electric charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, expressed by F=k (Qq/r2) |
| Electric field strength | The intensity of an electric field at a particular location |
| Electric fields | Regions around an electrically charged particle or object within which a force would be exerted on other electrically charged particles or objects |
| Electric potential energy | The capacity of electric carriers to do work due to their position in an electric circuit |
| Magnetic field | A region of space near a magnet, electric current or moving electrically charged particle in which a magnetic force acts on any other magnet, electric current or moving electrically charged particle |
| Magnetic flux | A measurement of the total magnetic field that passes through a given area; a measure of the number of magnetic field lines passing through the given area |
| Magnetic flux density | The strength of a magnetic field or the number of magnetic field lines per unit area |
| Electromagnetic induction | The production of electromotive force (EMF) or voltage across an electrical conductor due to its dynamic interaction with a magnetic field |
| Electromotive force | A difference in potential that tends to give rise to an electric current, also written as EMF |
| Faraday's law | When the magnetic flux linking a circuit changes, an electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the circuit, proportional to the rate of change of the flux linkage |
| Lenz's law | The direction of an induced electric current always opposes the change in the circuit or the magnetic field that produces it |
| Frame of reference | The abstract coordinate system that defines location of the observer |
| Inertial frame of reference | Any frame of reference with respect to which the acceleration of the object of observation remains zero |
| Time dilation | The difference of elapsed time between two events as measured by observers moving relative to each other |
| Proper time interval | The time interval measured in the frame of reference in which the object is at rest |
| Relativistic time interval | The time interval measured in the frame of reference in which the object is in motion |
| Length contraction | An observer at rest relative to a moving object would observe the moving object being shorter along the dimension of motion |
| Proper length | The length measured in the frame of reference in which the object is at rest |
| Relativistic length | The length measured in the frame of reference in which the object is in motion |
| Elementary particle | A particle whose substructure is unkown |
| Antiparticle | A particle with the same mass and opposite charge and/or spin to a corresponding particle (E.G: electron & positron) |
| Quark | Up, Down, Charm, Strange, Top, Bottom |
| Baryon | Composite subatomic particles made up of three quarks |
| Mesons | Subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark |
| Leptons | Electron, Muon and Tau particles and their associated neutrino |
| Gauge bosons | Photon, W boson, Boson, Gluons |
Created by:
Fionnuala256
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