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Patho
Quiz2 & 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which statement by the staff indicates teaching was successful concerning aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in: | increased blood volume. |
| A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could have caused his condition? | Acidosis |
| For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by: | hyperventilating. |
| Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient with: | dehydration. |
| A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive tiredness, shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help to confirm the diagnosis of: | respiratory acidosis. |
| A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect? | Confusion, Weakness, Nausea, Muscle twitching |
| Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term potassium deficits? | Kidneys |
| A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus? | CD4+ T-helper |
| When a patient presents at the emergency department for an allergic reaction, the nurse recognizes the most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is: | anaphylaxis. |
| When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of: | autoimmunity. |
| A patient presents with poison ivy on the extremities, face, and buttocks after an initial exposure 48 hours ago. This condition is an example of: | delayed hypersensitivity. |
| When a nurse notices that a patient has type O blood, the nurse realizes that anti-_____ antibodies are present in the patient’s body. | A and B |
| A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is: | alive, but less infectious. |
| A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from: | anaphylaxis. |
| A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present? | Autoantibodies |
| The gradual increase in height among the human population over the past 100 years is an example of: | a multifactorial trait. |
| A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? | a multifactorial trait. |
| A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? | Pregnancy in women over age 35 |
| A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of: | genomic imprinting. |
| To express a polygenic trait: | several genes must act together. |
| A patient, age 9, is admitted to a pediatric unit with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. When planning care, the nurse recalls the patient inherited this condition through a trait that is: | X-linked recessive. |
| The condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell is called: | partial trisomy. |
| What is the result of homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis? | Nondisjunction |
| Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: | decreased ATP production. |
| A report comes back indicating that muscular atrophy has occurred. A nurse recalls that muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell: | size. |
| The early dilation (swelling) of the cell’s endoplasmic reticulum results in: | reduced protein synthesis. |
| When planning care for the pregnant patient, the nurse will recall that the mammary glands enlarge as a consequence of: | hormonal hyperplasia. |
| When a nurse is checking a urinalysis, the finding that would alert the nurse to cellular injury is the presence of: | excessive protein. |
| A common pathway of irreversible cell injury involves increased intracellular: | calcium |
| A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising. X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injur | Manual strangulation |
| A family presents to their primary care provider reporting headache, nausea, weakness, tinnitus, and vomiting. Which of the following would be the most likely explanation for these symptoms? | Carbon monoxide poisoning |
Created by:
dianar8909