A set of tools and techniques that is used for describing, organizing, and interpreting information or data.

Descriptive Statistics

A set of statistical techniques and tools that is used to organize and describe data.

A set of data points (where one data point = one observation/measurement)

Inferential Statistics

A set of statistical techniques and tools that is used to make inferences from a smaller group of data to a larger one.

A subset of the population. A researcher's goal is often to generalize findings from a sample to a population.

All the possible subjects or cases of interest.

The one value that best represents an entire group of scores. This can be the mean, median, or mode.

Measures of central tendency

Another term for averages. As in the definition of average, measures of central tendency consist of the mean, median, and mode.

The sum of all the values in a group, divided by the number of values in the group.

The midpoint of a set of scores.

These are used to define the percentage of cases equal to and below a certain point in a distribution or set of scores.

The value that occurs most frequently in a set of data.

When your data include too many extreme scores, the distribution of scores can become skewed, or significantly distorted.

Scales of Measurement

Different levels at which outcomes are measured. The four scales of measurement are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ration.

Nominal Level of measurement

The level of measurement such that outcomes can only be placed into unranked categories.

Ordinal level of measurement

The level of measurement such that outcomes can be ranked.

Interval level of measurement

The level of measurement such that outcomes are based on some underlying continuum that makes it possible to speak about how much greater one performance is than another.

Ratio level of measurement

The level of measurement such that outcomes are based on some underlying continuum that also contains a true, or absolute, zero.

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Psychology B5

Midterm

Term	Definition
Statistics	A set of tools and techniques that is used for describing, organizing, and interpreting information or data.
Descriptive Statistics	A set of statistical techniques and tools that is used to organize and describe data.
Data, Data set	A set of data points (where one data point = one observation/measurement)
Inferential Statistics	A set of statistical techniques and tools that is used to make inferences from a smaller group of data to a larger one.
Sample	A subset of the population. A researcher's goal is often to generalize findings from a sample to a population.
Population	All the possible subjects or cases of interest.
Average	The one value that best represents an entire group of scores. This can be the mean, median, or mode.
Measures of central tendency	Another term for averages. As in the definition of average, measures of central tendency consist of the mean, median, and mode.
Mean	The sum of all the values in a group, divided by the number of values in the group.
Median	The midpoint of a set of scores.
Percentile Points	These are used to define the percentage of cases equal to and below a certain point in a distribution or set of scores.
Mode	The value that occurs most frequently in a set of data.
Skew	When your data include too many extreme scores, the distribution of scores can become skewed, or significantly distorted.
Scales of Measurement	Different levels at which outcomes are measured. The four scales of measurement are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ration.
Nominal Level of measurement	The level of measurement such that outcomes can only be placed into unranked categories.
Ordinal level of measurement	The level of measurement such that outcomes can be ranked.
Interval level of measurement	The level of measurement such that outcomes are based on some underlying continuum that makes it possible to speak about how much greater one performance is than another.
Ratio level of measurement	The level of measurement such that outcomes are based on some underlying continuum that also contains a true, or absolute, zero.

Created by: crystalrene2019

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