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Gen Chem Unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| DAT | Dalton's Atomic Theory |
| DAT 1 | each element is composed of atoms (correct) |
| DAT 2 | all atoms of a given element are identical, but atoms of one element are different from atoms of another (false because of isotopes) |
| DAT 3 | atoms of one element can NOT be changed into atoms of a different element by chemical reactions, atoms are neither created nor destroyed (false because of nuclear reactions) |
| DAT 4 | compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine, a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | total mass of substances present after a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the substances present before |
| Law of Constant Composition | all molecules of a given compound will be composed of the same ratio of elements by mass |
| Law of Multiple Proportions | if 2 elements, A and B, form more than one compound, the masses of B that combine with a given mass of A are in the ratio of small whole numbers |
| Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment | showed us that atoms contain a positively charged nucleus in the center and the region of space around the nucleus was occupied by electrons |
| Proton | mass and charge of 1 |
| Neutron | mass 1 and 0 charge |
| Electron | mass 0 and charge -1 |
| Atomic Number | # of protons |
| Atomic Mass | #p +#n |
| Charge | #p-#e |
| Anion | atom gains electrons (negative charge) (willing to receive electron) |
| Cation | atom loses electrons (positive charge) (ready to give electron) |
| Ion | when atom is electrically charged |
| Isotopes | same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons in the same element (different masses) |
| Molecular Formula | whole # ratio |
| Empirical Formula | simplified ratio (smallest) |
| Ionic compounds can only be represented by | empirical formulas |
| Ionic Compound | transfer of electrons (nonmetal and metal) |
| Covalent Compound | sharing of electrons (nonmetal and nonmetal) |
| tetra | 4 |
| penta | 5 |
| hexa | 6 |
| hepta | 7 |
| octa | 8 |
| nona | 9 |
| deca | 10 |
Created by:
carlycornacchioli
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