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ATARChemU1T1Flash

QuestionAnswer
proton positively charged nucleon of 1 amu
neutron neutral (no charge) nucleon of 1amu
electron negatively charged particle outside of the nucleus rounded to 0amu
Atomic number (Z) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is also known as the proton number.
convergence higher levels/shells get closer together
Aufbau principle Electrons fill orbitals of lower energy first
Hund's rule Electrons fill unoccupied orbitals first and spin in the same direction
Pauli exculsion principle Paired electrons have opposite spin
Ionic compound formed from the attraction of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions). Metal and a non-metal. EN difference >1.8.
Covalent compound. formed by sharing electrons. 2 non-metals. EN difference <0.4 non-polar, 0.4-1.8 polar.
Mass number (A) the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
isotope atoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but different mass numbers. Same protons, difference neutrons.
first ionisation energy the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms of a gaseous element
X(g) --> X+ + e- first ionisation energy
X+(g)--> X,2+(g) +e- second ionisation energy
Group vertical columns of the periodic table
Period horizontal rows of the periodic table
Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract bonded electron pairs to itself when in a covalent bond
Na(s) + H2O(l) → NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)
Na2O(s) + H2O(l) --> 2NaOH(aq)
MgO(s) + H2O(l) --> Mg(OH)2(aq)
P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) --> 4H3PO4(aq)
SO2(g) + H2O(l) --> H2SO3(aq)
SO3(l) + H2O(l) --> H2SO4(aq)
anions Ions with a negative charge
cations Ions with a positive charge
Metallic bonds the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and delocalized electrons
Atomic radius Half the distance between the nuclei of two like atoms
Atomic mass unit 1/12 the weight of a carbon-12 isotope
Nucleon proton or neutron
Created by: andrewweng0406
 

 



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