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MED104 Ch 8 Vocab
The Blood and Lymphatic Systems - Hematology and Immunology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| coagul/o | coagulation (ex. anticoagulant, coagulopathy) |
| hem/o, hemat/o | blood (ex. hemolysis, hematology) |
| cyt/o | cell (ex. erythrocyte, thrombocytosis) |
| thromb/o | clot (ex. thrombocyte, thrombosis) |
| leuk/o | white (ex. leukocytes, leukemia) |
| phleb/o, ven/o | vein (ex. phlebotomy, venospasm) |
| lymph/o | lymph (ex. lymphadenitis, lymphoma) |
| -emia | blood condition (ex. anemia, leukemia) |
| tonsill/o | tonsils (ex. tonsillitis, tonsillectomy) |
| myel/o | bone marrow, spine (ex. myelitis, myelodysplasia) |
| splen/o | spleen (ex. splenomegaly, splenectomy) |
| immun/o | immune system (ex. immunology, immunoglobulin) |
| thym/o | thymus (ex. thymoma, thymectomy) |
| -penia | deficiency (ex. cytopenia) |
| anemia ah-NEE-mee-ah | reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue |
| ecchymosis ek-ih-MOH-sis | large bruise |
| hematoma HEE-mah-TOH-mah | mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue |
| hemophilla | condition in which the blood doesn't clot, thus causing excessive bleeding |
| hemorrhage | excessive blood loss |
| petechia puh-TEE-kee-yah | small bruise |
| reperfusion injury REE-pir-FYOO-zhun IN-jir-ee | injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored |
| lymphadenopathy | any disease of a lymp gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck |
| lymphedema | swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities |
| splenalgia | pain in the spleen |
| splenodynia | pain in the spleen |
| anisocytosis AN-AI-soh-SAI-toh-sis | condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells |
| elliptocyte ee-LIP-toh-SAIT | oval red blood cells |
| elliptocytosis | condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells |
| embolism | blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus |
| embolus | mass of matter present in the blood (NOTE: in Greek, this word means "stopper", as in a cap for a bottle |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell |
| erythrocytosis eh-RITH-roh-sai-TOH-sis | abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells |
| hematopoiesis hee-MAT-oh-poi-EE-sis | formation of blood cells |
| hemolysis | breakdown of blood cells |
| leukocyte | white blood cell |
| leukocytosis | increase in the number of white blood cells |
| leukopenia | deficiency in white blood cells |
| macrocytosis MAK-roh-sai-TOH-sis | condition characterized by large red blood cells |
| microcytosis | condition characterized by small red blood cells |
| myelopoiesis | formation of bone marrow |
| neutropenia | deficiency in neutrophil (NOTE: a neutrophil is a type of white blood cell.) |
| normocyte | normal-sized red blood cell |
| oligocythemia AWL-ih-goh-sih-THEE-mee-ah | deficiency in the number of red blood cell |
| pancytopenia | deficiency in all cellular components of the blood |
| phagocytosis | process in which phagocytes (a type of white blood cell) destroy (or eat) foreign microorganisms or cell debris |
| poikilocytosis POI-kih-loh-sai-TOH-sis | condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes |
| polycythemia | excess of red blood cells |
| reticulocyte | immature red blood cell; the root comes from its netlike appearance |
| spherocyte | red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape |
| thrombocyte | cell that helps blood clot; also known as a platelet |
| thrombocytopenia | deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells) |
| thrombocytosis | increase in the number of platelets (clot cells) |
| thromboembolism | blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed |
| thrombogenic | capable of producing a blood clot |
| thrombosis | the formation of a blood clot |
| thrombus | blood clot |
| asplenia | absence of a spleen or of spleen function |
| hepatosplenomegaly | enlargement of the liver and spleen |
| lymphocyte | lymph cell |
| lymphopenia | abnormal deficiency in lymph |
| splenectopy | displacement of the spleen; sometimes called floating spleen |
| splenolysis | breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue |
| splenomalacia | softening of the spleen |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| splenoptosis | downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen |
| thymic hyperplasia | overdevelopment of the thymus |
| hematocrit | test to judge or separate the blood; it is used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume |
| hematology | study of the blood |
| hemoglobin | iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells |
| hypoperfusion | inadequate flow of blood |
| immunoglobulin IM-yoo-noh-GLAWB-yoo-lin | protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease |
| immunologist | specialist in the study of the immune system |
| lymphangiogram | record of the study of lymph vessels |
| lymphangiography | procedure to study the lymph vessels |
| perfusion | circulation of blood through tissue |
| phlebology | study of veins |
| phlebotomist | specialist in drawing blood |
| sphygmomanometer SFIG-moh-man-AWM-et-er | fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure |
| antibody | substance produced by the body in response to an antigen |
| antigen | substance that causes the body to produce antibodies |
| immunology | study of the immune system |
| autoimmune disease | disease caused by the body's immune system attacking the body's own healthy tissue |
| coagulopathy | any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation |
| deep vein thrombosis | formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg |
| hemoglobinopathy | disease of the hemoglobin |
| hypercoagulability | increased ability of the blood to coagulate |
| immunodeficiency | immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms |
| immunosuppression | reduction in the activity of the body's immune system |
| ischemia | blockage of blood flow to an organ |
| phlebarteriectasia FLEB-ar-TEH-ree-ak-TAY-zhee-ah | dilation of blood vessels |
| spherocytosis | condition in which red blood cdells assume a spherical shape |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of vein caused by a clot |
| anemia | reduced red blood cells |
| aplastic anemia | anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities |
| hemolytic anemia | anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells |
| iron deficiency anemia | anemia caused by inadequate iron intake |
| bilirubinemia | presence of bilirubin in the blood |
| hyperbilirubinemia | excessive bilirubin in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood |
| hypervolemia | increased blood volume |
| hypovolemia | decreased blood volume |
| septicemia | presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood |
| uremia | presence of urine in the blood |
| hepatosplenitis | inflammation of the liver and spleen |
| hyperslenism | increased spleen activity |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph gland (node) |
| lymphangiectasia | dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities |
| lymphangitis LIM-FAN-JAIT-is | inflammation of lymph vessels |
| mononucleosis | condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes |
| myelodysplasia | disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| splenitis | inflammation of the spleen |
| splenopathy | any disease of the spleen |
| splenorrhexis | rupture of the spleen |
| thymopathy | disease of the thymus |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of a tonsil |
| leukemia | cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells |
| lymphoma | tumor originating in lymphocytes |
| myeloma | cancerous tumor of the bone marrow; when the tumors are present in several bones, it is called multiple myeloma |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus |
| anticoagulant ANT-ih-coh-AG-yoo-lant | drug that prevents the coagulation of blood |
| hemostatic | drug that stops the flow of blood |
| thrombolytic | drug that breaks down blood clots |
| laparosplenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen |
| lymphadenectomy | surgical removal of a lymph gland (node) |
| nephrosplenopexy | surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney |
| splenectomy | surgial removal of the spleen |
| thymectomy | surgical removal of the thymus |
| tonsillectomy | surgical removal of a tonsil |
| apheresis | general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient's blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient's body. |
| cytapheresis | apheresis to remove cellular material |
| plasmapheresis | apheresis to remove plasma |
| plateletpheresis | apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets) |
| transfusion | infusion into a patient of blood from another source |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| ALL | acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| AML | acute myeloid leukemia |
| BMT | bone marrow transplant |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| CML | chronic myeloid leukemia |
| DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulopathy |
| EBV | Epstein-Barr virus |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| Hct | hematocrit |
| Hgb | hemoglobin |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HSM | hepatosplenomegaly |
| HUS | hemolytic uremic syndrome |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| ITP | idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
| IV | intravenous |
| IVIG | intravenous immunoglobulin |
| LAD | lymphadenopathy |
| NCAT | no cervical adenopathy or tenderness |
| PLT | platelet count |
| PT | prothrombin time |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| RBC | red blood count; red blood cell |
| TTP | thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura |
| WBC | white blood count; white blood cell |
Created by:
jangon6417