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Gen Cham 1
Midterm 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the slope formula? | m=rise/run |
| What is the equation for a line? | y=mx+b |
| Consider the equation: Tf=1.8Tc+32 Solve for Tc when Tf=212 degrees | 212=1.8x+32 180=1.8x 100=x |
| Write in scientific notation: 0.0086 | 8.6x10^-3 |
| When writing sig figs when you multiply and divide, how many should your final answer have? | same number of sig figs as the measurement with the fewest sig figs |
| 5.00 cm x 3.408 cm/ 2.0 cm= ? | 8.5 ( 2 sig figs) |
| When writing sig figs when you add and subtract, how many should your final answer have? | same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places |
| (55.930-2.0045)+7.81= ? | 61.74 (2 decimal places) |
| giga (G) has what value? | 1,000,000,000 (10^9) |
| mega (M) has what value? | 1,000,000 (10^6) |
| kilo (k) has what value? | 1,000 (10^3) |
| centi (c) has what value? | 0.01 (10^-2) |
| milli (m) has what value? | 0.001 (10^-3) |
| micro (u*) has what value? | 0.000001 (10^-6) |
| nano (n) has what value? | 0.000000001 (10^-9) |
| How many milliseconds in 1 second? | 1s=10^3ms |
| How many nanometers in 1 millimeter? | 1mm=10^6nm |
| yard to foot? | 1yd=3ft |
| inches to centimeters? | 1in=2.54cm |
| mile to feet? | 1mi=5280ft |
| meters to centimeters? | 1m=100cm |
| meter to millimeters? | 1m=1000mm |
| liter to milliliter? | 1L=1000mL |
| quart to milliliter? | 1qt=946mL |
| gallon to quarts? | 1gal=4qt |
| kilogram to gram? | 1kg=1000g |
| gram to milligram? | 1g=1000mg |
| pound to grams? | 1lb=454g |
| centimeters to millimeters? | 1cm=10mm |
| Convert 50L to nL | |
| What is the density formula? | density=mass/volume |
| Matter is.... | makes up all things has mass and occupies space classified according to its composition |
| Element: | composed of one type of atom |
| Compound: | composed of two or more elements always combined in the same proportion |
| Pure substance: Example? | contains only one type of material carbon, C oxygen, O2 |
| Mixture: | two or more substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined two or more substances in different proportions substances that can be separated by physical methods |
| Homogeneous mixture (solution): | uniform throughout composition the different parts of the mixture are not visible |
| Heterogeneous mixture: | composition varies from one part of the mixture to another the different parts of the mixture are visible |
| Mixture or pure substance? Pasta and tomato sauce: Aluminum foil: Helium: Air we breathe: | mixture pure substance pure substance mixture |
| Solids: | definite shape definite volume particles are close together in a fixed arrangement particles move very slowly (slow vibrations in a fixed location) |
| Liquids: | indefinite shape definite volume same shape as their container particles are close together but mobile particles move at moderate speed particles have attraction to each other |
| Gases: | indefinite volume indefinite shape same shape and volume as their container particles are far apart particles move very fast no interactions between particles |
| Physical changes: | no change in the identity and composition of the substance change in the state change in the physical shape |
| Chemical change: | new composition new chemical properties new physical properties making something new |
| Three common temperature scales: | Fahrenheit (F) Celsius (C) Kelvin (K) |
| Kelvin temp scale: | units are kelvins no degree symbol in front of K no negative temps 1K=1C |
| Formula for converting C to F: | Tf=1.8(Tc)+32 |
| Formula for converting F to C: | Tc=Tf-32/1.8 |
| Formula for converting C to K: | Tk=Tc+273.15 |
| What is 37.2C on the Kelvin scale? | Tk=37.2+273.15 =310.4K |
| Energy formula: | Work= Force x Distance |
| Kinetic Energy: Examples? | energy of motion working out car driving on a road water flowing over a dam |
| Potential Energy: Examples? | based on the position of an object or by the chemical composition of a substance a compressed spring chemical bonds in gasoline, coal, or food water at the top of a dam |
| Energy as heat: | energy associated with the movement of particles the faster the particles move, the greater the heat or thermal energy of the substance |
| Units of Energy: | joule (J) kilojoules (kJ) calories (cal) kilocalories (kcal) |
| Kilojoules to joules? | 1 kJ=1000 J |
| Kilocalories to calories? | 1 kcal=1000 cal |
| What do scientists use to measure energy values of substances? | calorimeter |
| What is specific heat? | the amount of heat (q) that raised the temperature of exactly 1g of a substance by exactly 1C. |
| What is the heat formula? | q=m x c x delta T |
| When does a substance evaporate? | when liquid molecules on the surface gain sufficient energy to convert to a gas |
| When does a substance condenses? | when gas molecules lose energy and form a liquid |
| When is a liquid boiling? | all the liquid molecules acquire enough energy to form a gas (vaporize) bubbles of vapor appear throughou the liquid |
| Melting occurs when | a substance changes from a solid to a liquid as its melting point (mp) temperature |
| Freezing occurs when | a substance changes from a liquid to a solid at its freezing point (fp) temperature |
| Heat fusion for water is | 80. cal/g |
| Boiling occurs when | a substance changes from liquid to a gas at its boiling point (bp) temperature |
| Condensing occurs when | a substance changes from a gas to a liquid at its condensation point (cp) temperature |
| Water has a freezing (melting) point at | 0 C |
| Water has a boiling (condensation) point at | 100 C |
Created by:
amengels
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