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Dr. H Matter
Dr. Heiny: (Standard 01) Introduction to Matter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compound | a substance made of two or more kinds of atoms that are chemically combined |
| Chemical change | a change in the composition of a substance; a rearrangement of the atoms into a new substance |
| Chemical properties | ability to form new substances |
| Elements | substances containing only one type of atom |
| Matter | has mass and occupies space. |
| Physical change | a change in which the composition of the substance is not altered |
| Chemical reactions | another term for chemical changes |
| Law of constant composition | the number of atoms in a molecule or compound is always the same; e.g. water is always two hydrogens and one oxygen |
| Alloy | A substance that contains a mixture of elements and has metallic properties. |
| Atom | the fundamental unit of which elements are composed; the smallest sample of an element that has all the properties of that element, generally composed of the three subatomic particles (electrons, protons, and neutrons). |
| Chemical change | the change of substances into other substances through a reorganization of the atoms; a chemical reaction. |
| Chemical properties | Exhibited by matter as it undergoes changes in composition; The ability of a substance to change to a different substance. |
| Chromatography | Any of various techniques for the separation of complex mixtures that rely on the differential affinities of substances for a gas or liquid mobile medium and for a stationary adsorbing medium through which they pass, such as paper, gelatin, or magnesia. |
| Compound | A pure substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes. |
| Density | A property of matter representing the mass per unit volume. Density is a derived unit. |
| Distillation | -a method for separating the components of a liquid mixture that depends on differences in the ease of vaporization of the components. |
| Elements | A pure substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical or physical means. It consists of atoms all having the same atomic number. |
| Extensive properties | A non inherent property of a system, such as volume or internal energy, that changes with the quantity of material in the system; the quantitative value equals the sum of the values of the property for the individual constituents |
| Filtration | A method for separating the components of a mixture containing a solid and a liquid. |
| Intensive properties | properties independent of the quantity or shape of the substance under consideration; for example, temperature, pressure, or composition. |
| Gas | One of the three states of matter; has neither fixed shape nor fixed volume |
| Heterogeneous mixture | A mixture that has different properties in different regions of the mixture. |
| Homogeneous mixture | A mixture that is the same throughout; a solution. |
| Law of conservation of energy | energy can be converted from one form to another but can be neither created nor destroyed. |
| Law of definite composition | Also known as the Law of Constant Composition; The law that a given chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same fixed proportion by weight. |
| Liquid | one of the three states of matter; has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container. |
| Matter | The material of the universe; anything that has mass and occupies space. |
| Mixture | A material of variable composition that contains two or more pure substances. Each component in the mixture retains its own properties. |
| Molecule | a bonded collection of two or more atoms of the same element or different elements. |
| Physical change | a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition |
| Physical properties | A characteristic of a substance that can be observed in the absence of change; that is, without the substance becoming a different substance. |
| Pure substances | A substance with constant composition. |
| Reaction | a change or transformation in which a substance decomposes, combines with other substances, or interchanges constituents with other substances |
| Solid | one of the three states of matter; has a fixed shape and volume. |
| Solution | a homogeneous mixture. |
| States of matter | The three different forms in which matter can exist: solid, liquid, and gas |
| Trace elements | Elements required in living systems, found in very small quantities. |
Created by:
LPH
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