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Unit 1 Chapter 4
Assessment Quiz connect 68%
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anticodons, codons, and base triplets correspond to _________blank respectively. | |
| What is the product of translation? | A newly synthesized polypeptide |
| Transcription occurs in the _________blank, but most translation occurs in the _________blank. | |
| You were able to radioactively tag and thereby trace an amino acid that is used to make insulin, a hormone that will be exported out of the cell. The pathway of the tagged amino acid would be __________. | rough ER → Golgi complex → Golgi vesicle → extracellular fluid |
| What is all of the DNA in a set of 23 chromosomes referred to as? | The genome |
| After translation, a protein may undergo structural changes called _________blank modifications. | posttranslational |
| Since there are no genes coding for carbohydrates, nucleic acids, or lipids, how do cells produce them? | |
| The gene coding for a polypeptide made of 51 amino acids would have a minimum of _________blank bases. | |
| Cytokinesis overlaps with which phase of mitosis? | |
| Chromatin shortens and thickens, coiling into compact rods during _________blank of mitosis. | prophase |
| Which of these cannot cause a mutation? Radiation A virus A chemical A mistake made by the DNA polymerase A mistake made by the RNA polymerase | |
| Which of these processes occurs during a cell's first gap (G1) phase? DNA is semiconservatively replicated. The nuclear envelope breaks down. The cell synthesizes the enzymes that control mitosis. The cell synthesizes proteins and grows. | |
| DNA polymerase is most active during which phase of the cell cycle? | |
| _________blank opens up one segment of the DNA helix during replication; _________blank adds complementary free nucleotides to the exposed DNA strand. | DNA helicase; DNA polymerase |
| DNA replication is called semiconservative because _________blank. | \ |
| The alleles possessed by all members of a population collectively are called the _________blank. | gene pool |
| A karyotype shows the _________blank chromosomes sorted and isolated from a cell in _________blank. | |
| Hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive allele. This means that _________blank. | |
| What is the complementary DNA base sequence to the DNA strand TGCCAT? | ACCGTA A, or adenine, is complementary to T, or thymine. The same goes for C, or cytosine, which is complementary to G, or guanine. |
| Which of the following is not directly involved in translation? DNA mRNA tRNA rRNA Ribosomes | DNA |
| Genes produce their products _________blank. | as their products are needed or not |
| Which molecule contains anticodons? | A tRNA |
| The genetic code is the link between the _________blank and the _________blank that they represent. | mRNA anticodons; 20 amino acids |
| Cell division is stimulated by _________blank and suppressed by _________blank. | growth factors; contact inhibition |
| The stage at which chromosomes aggregate along the equator of a cell is _________blank. | metaphase |
| All of the body's nonreproductive cells, called _________blank, usually have 23 pairs of chromosomes and are thus called _________blank cells. | somatic cells; diploid (2n) |
| Which of the following omits some stage(s) of the cell cycle? | Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis |
| Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of a cell during _________blank of the cell cycle. | anaphase |
| A mutation is _________ | a change in DNA structure that might be beneficial, harmful, or neutral |
| A cell finishing mitosis has _________blank DNA molecules, while a cell finishing DNA replication has _________blank DNA molecules. | 46; 92 |
| If one allele is not phenotypically expressed in the presence of another, we say that it is a _________blank allele. | recessive |
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