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Cell Organelles
Biology Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? | A Eukaryotic cell has a nucleus, has organelles, and it is multicellular. A Prokaryotic cell has NO nucleus, NO organelles, and it is unicelluar. |
| What are the parts that ALL cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) have? These are the organelles that they have in common | ribosomes cytoplasm DNA/genetic material Cytoskeleton cell/plasma membrane |
| The __________ make protein for use by the organism. | ribosomes |
| The __________ is the fluid material within the cells. | cytoplasm |
| __________ is the genetic material of the cell. | DNA |
| The _____________ is the internal framework of the cell. | Cytoskeleton |
| The ____________ is the outer boundary of the cell. It allow some things to cross over into the cell. | Cell/Plasma Membrane |
| The _______________ is the cellular control center. | nucleus |
| Where is the nucleus of the cell usually located? | at the center of the cell |
| The ___________ is the largest organelle in the cell. | nucleus (size 10um in diameter) um= micrometers |
| The nucleus is surrounded by a double nuclear membrane/envelope that is dotted with thousands of nuclear pores. The nuclear pores allow materials to ___________ and ____________ the nucleus. | enter and exit |
| The nucleus contains an organelle called the __________, which makes the cell’s ribosomes. | nucleolus |
| The nucleus also contains ________, which are long tangles of DNA | chromatin |
| What are the 5 functions of the nucleus, nucleolus, and nuclear membrane/envelope? | 1. act as control center of the cell 2. specify codes to make proteins 3. retain/store genetic material (i.e. DNA, chromosomes) 4. produce ribosomal RNA (rRNA), as well as mRNA and tRNA 5. start the process of cell division |
| The ___________ is the gel-like substance that fills the cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. | cytoplasm |
| What is the cytoplasm made of? | water, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, salts, etc. |
| What are the 3 main functions of the cytoplasm? | 1. Provides structure to the cell to prevent it from deflating 2. Enables organelles to remain in their positions 3. Facilitates movement of substances between organelles. |
| The cell is like a factory. The product it is making is protein which is shipped out to the body to serve different functions. 1. The _________ has the instructions to build the protein 2. These instructions are sent to the ribosomes. 3. The ribosomes | DNA |
| The cell is like a factory. The product it is making is protein which is shipped out to the body to serve different functions. 1. The DNA has the instructions to build the protein 2. These instructions are sent to the __________. 3. The ribosomes buil | ribosomes |
| The cell is like a factory. The product it is making is protein which is shipped out to the body to serve different functions. 1. The DNA has the instructions to build the protein 2. These instructions are sent to the ribosomes. 3. The ribosomes _____ | build endoplasmic reticulum |
| The cell is like a factory. The product it is making is protein which is shipped out to the body to serve different functions. 1. The DNA has the instructions to build the protein 2. These instructions are sent to the ribosomes. 3. The ribosomes buil | golgi apparatus |
| Structure of Ribosomes: They are SMALL, DENSE structures found in HUGE numbers. They can be attached to the rough ___________ or floating in the ____________. | endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm |
| The function of ribosomes is to synthesize ____________ and ____________. | proteins and enzymes |
| The endoplasmic reticulum is a complex system of sheet like double membranes attached to the nucleus. Fluid filled spaces/sacs between the membranes called ___________ allow materials to be transported through cell. | Cisternae |
| What are the 2 types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? | smooth and rough |
| The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) has does NOT have ______________ attached. | ribosomes |
| The ___________ endoplasmic reticulum DOES have ribosomes attached. | rough (RER) |
| What are the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum? | 1. forms an extensive transport system 2. protein synthesis occurs in the rough ER 3. lipid, steroid, and carbohydrate synthesis occurs in the smooth ER 4. stores and transports proteins, lipids, steroids, and carbs |
| Protein synthesis occurs in the ______________ ER. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Lipid, steroid, and carbohydrate synthesis occurs in the _____________ ER. | smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| The _____________ is a series of flattened stacked pouches called cisternae. It is located near the nucleus and E.R. | golgi apparatus |
| The golgi apparatus is a series of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae. Where is it located? | near the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum |
| The __________ is the post office of the cell. | golgi apparatus |
| The __________ is the protein assembly line of the cell. | rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) |
| The ___________ modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release from the cell. | golgi apparatus |
| The golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for __________ in the cell or _________ from the cell. | storage release |
| Name 3 cell organelles that are involved in building proteins? | ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum golgi apparatus |
| The golgi apparatus ________, sorts, and __________ proteins and other materials from the __________ for storage in the cell or release from the cell. | modifies packages Endoplasmic reticulum |
Created by:
Gavmi12