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Unit 1 Chapter 3
Cellular Form and Function connect bio 210
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the branch of biology that investigates cells called? | Cytology |
| Squamous cells line the what? | line the esophagus |
| Tissue fluid is also called Blank______. | interstitial fluid |
| The plasma membrane is made up of phospholipids and which of the following? | Protein |
| A membrane coating called the ___________ is chemically unique in everyone but identical twins. | Glycocalyx |
| Extensions of the plasma membrane that serve primarily to increase a cell's surface area are called Blank______. | Microvilli |
| Which membrane type allows some things through and restricts the passage of others? | Selectively permeable |
| What are all body fluids that are located outside of cells called? | Extracellular fluid |
| Intracellular fluid | Intra means "within," so this is referring to fluid inside the cell membrane. |
| Blood | Blood is an extracellular fluid, but it is located within the blood vessels. |
| What drives filtration through a membrane? | Physical pressure |
| Concentration gradients | Concentration gradients drive diffusion and osmosis, not filtration. |
| The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of _____________ with associated proteins. | Phospholipids |
| The glycocalyx is Blank______ to the plasma membrane. | external |
| Movement of gas molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air in the lungs and the blood or between the blood and the tissues is by which process? | Diffusion |
| The net flow of water from one side of a selectively permeable membrane to the other side is called | osmosis |
| Which are usually prevented from moving across the selectively permeable membrane of a cell? | Proteins allows nutrients and wastes to go through but prevents other things like proteins and phosphates |
| In blood capillaries, blood pressure forces fluid through gaps in the capillary wall in a process called | filtration or capillary filtration |
| The fluidity of the plasma membrane is primarily provided by the Blank______. | phospholipids |
| Define tonicity | The ability of a solution to cause osmosis, affecting volume and pressure in the cell |
| Oxygen passes into the bloodstream across the membranes in the lung by the process of | Diffusion |
| What is the net flow of water down its concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane called? | osmosis |
| In carrier-mediated transport, one carrier can transport 1000 glucose molecules per Blank______ across the membrane | second |
| Which of the following moves large particles and fluid droplets across the cell membrane? | Vesicular transport |
| Vesicular transport that releases material from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell is called | exocytosis ;exocytosis release material from the cell |
| endocytosis | vesicular processes that bring matter into the cell |
| The process in which a physical pressure forces fluid through a selectively permeable membrane is called | filtration |
| three types of protein structures that contribute to the cytoskeleton | Microtubules Microfilaments Intermediate filaments |
| The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell is | tonicity |
| Example of a membranous organelle? | Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex |
| What is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration called? | simple diffusion or diffusion :) |
| Foreign bodies such as viruses, bacteria, or dust particles that have been phagocytized by the cell form types of Blank______ within the cytoplasm. | inclusions |
| In which process does a solute bind to a carrier in the plasma membrane that then changes shape and releases the solute to the other side of the membrane? | Carrier-mediated transport |
| Which are types of vesicular transport? | Endocytosis and exocytosis |
| The cytoskeleton is composed of calcium salts. T or F | False The cytoskeleton is a system of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, that give the cell shape, allow movement, and the routing of molecules and organelles within the cell. |
| three organelles are not surrounded by membranes? | Centrioles Ribosomes Centrosomes |
| Accumulated cell products such as glycogen granules, pigments, and fats are types of | inclusions |
| What is the general name for the network of structures within the cytoplasm which support the cell, determine its shape, and participate in movement? | cytoskeleton |
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