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Anatomy unit 1
Anatomical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Study of structure ? | Anatomy (what & where) |
| Study of function? | Physiology (how & why) |
| Examines human body primarily by looking at individual organ SYSTEMS? | Systemic anatomy |
| Divides body into REGIONS of study such as head and neck? | Regional anatomy |
| Studies SURFACE markings of body? | Surface anatomy |
| Examines structures that can only be seen WITH AID of a microscope? | Microscopic anatomy |
| Study of tissues? | Histology |
| Study of cells? | Cytology |
| Change in position; motion? | Movement |
| (R)eaction to a change? | Responsiveness |
| Changes organism behavior, capabilities, or structure? | Adaptability |
| Increases in body size; no change in shape? | Growth |
| Production of new organisms and new cells? | Reproduction |
| Obtaining oxygen; removing of carbon dioxide; releasing energy from food? (making of ATP) | Respiration |
| Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms ? | Digestion |
| Passage (move) of substances through membranes and into body fluids? | Absorption |
| Movement of substances in body fluids | Circulation |
| Changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms? (into something else) | Assimilation |
| Removal of waste produced by metabolic reactions? | Excretion |
| Charges on ions ? | Subatomic particles |
| Ions? | Atoms |
| are made of Water, oxygen, etc? | Molecules |
| Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids are ? | Macromolecules (organic molecules) |
| Machinery inside cells? | Organelles |
| smallest unit of life; many different sizes and shapes? | Cellular level |
| Two or more cell types cooperate to perform a common function? | Tissue level |
| Group of organs performing common functions? | Systems |
| YOU? | Organism |
| Smallest unit (made of protons, neutrons, and electrons) ? | Atoms |
| Charged atoms? | Ions |
| More than one atom? | Molecules |
| Large Molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) | Macromolecules |
| Machinery inside cells that perform the functions of the cell? | Organelles |
| Consists of two or more tissue types combined to form a structure or ORGAN; has a recognizable shape and performs a specialized task? | Organ Level |
| Consist of two or more ORGANS that together carry out a broad function in body? | Organ system levels |
| (heart and blood vessels) Transports blood through body? | Cardiovascular |
| Ingests food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste? | Digestive system |
| Any FLUID-FILLED SPACE and defined by membranes? | Cavity |
| Covers an organ? | Visceral Layer |
| Lines a cavity or body wall? | Parietal layer |
| Thoracic Membranes consist of? (4) | Visceral pleura, Parietal pleura, visceral pericardium, parietal pericardium |
| Abdominopelvic Membranes consist of? (2) | Parietal peritoneum, Visceral peritoneum |
| Head, neck, and trunk Area? | Axial |
| Houses CNS? | Dorsal |
| Houses brain? | Cranial |
| Houses spinal column? | Vertebral |
| Houses viscera? | Ventral |
| Above diaphragm? | Thoracic |
| Between lungs houses trachea, esophagus, etc? | Mediastium |
| Lungs? | Pleural |
| Heart? | Pericardial |
| Below Diaphragm? | Abdominopelvic |
| Digestive viscera? | Abdominal |
| Urinary bladder, reproductive organs? | Pelvic |
| Appendages? | Appendicular |
| The standard position? (standing upright, feet with shoulder, toes forward upper limbs to side, palms forward) | Anatomical Position |
| Towards the front? | Anterior |
| Towards the back? | Posterior |
| Towards the head or above? | Superior |
| Towards the tail or below? | Inferior |
| Nearer to the trunk or point of origin? | Proximal |
| Further from trunk or point of origin? | Distal |
| Closer to midline? | Medial |
| Farther from midline? | Lateral |
| Closer to surface? | Superficial |
| Farther below the surface? | Deep |
| Structure is always related to? | Function |
| Examines structures that can be seen with UNAIDED eye | Gross anatomy |
| In the thoracic it also homes these 3? | Mediastium, Pleural, Pericardial |
| Anatomical planes? (3) | Sagittal plane Coronal plane, Transverse plane |
| Sagittal plane? (midsagittal or median planes) | divides the body (or organ) into rights and lefts |
| Longitudinal Section? | unequal rights and lefts |
| Coronal planes? (frontal plane) | Divides the body into Anterior (front) and Posterior (back) |
| Transverse Plane? | Divides the body or organ horizontally into upper and lower portions |
| Parasagittal plane? | Unequal sides (like cutting it from the armpit) |
Created by:
hw0993422