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Unit 1 Chapter 2
The Chemistry of Life connect bio210
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A molecule may be composed of one element or more than one element. T or F | true Molecules are composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond. The atoms in a molecule may be the same element (e.g. O2) or they may be different elements (e.g. H2O). |
| Which is an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom? | Neutron |
| Substances that are physically blended but not chemically bound are called | mixture |
| Energy is the capacity to | do work |
| Which term means the study of the molecules and chemical reactions that occur in living cells? | Biochemistry |
| Organic chemistry is ... | Organic chemistry is the study of molecules containing carbon. Biochemistry is the study of these and other molecules in biological systems. |
| Inorganic chemistry is.. | Inorganic chemistry is the study of molecules from non-biological origins. Biochemistry is the study of molecules within biological systems. |
| The term that refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body is | metabolism |
| A pure chemical substance that consists of one type of atom is called a(n) | element |
| Atoms of the same element that differ only in the number of neutrons are known as | isotopes |
| Which organic molecules are composed of a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate group? | Nucleotides |
| Glucose is a ______ of starch. | monomer |
| A hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is a ______. Examples include fatty acids, fats, phospholipids, steroids, and prostaglandins. | lipid |
| What is an ion? | An atom that has gained or lost electrons |
| Hydrophobic means that a substance is insoluble in | water |
| In a solution, the solvent is ______ the solute. | more abundant than ;A solution consists of particles of matter called the solute mixed with a more abundant substance(usually water) called solvent. |
| Which of the following best defines an acid? | Proton donor |
| Which of the following would give you the molarity of a solution? Grams/mole Liters/gram Grams/liter Moles/liter | Moles/liter |
| In chemical reactions, chemical bonds are ______. | formed and broken |
| o a certain point, increasing the concentration of reactants in a solution will ______ the rate of the reaction. | increase ;Reaction rates generally increase with greater concentrations of reactants. |
| Which of the following terms refers to common arrangements of atoms that give organic molecules their unique properties? Backbone group Functional groups Chain groups Accessory groups | Functional groups ;Carbon backbones carry a variety of functional groups-small clusters of atoms that determine many of the properties of an organic molecule. |
| A molecule with the chemical formula C57H110O6 is an example of what type of organic molecule? | Lipid |
| Biochemistry is the study of ______. | molecules that make up living organisms |
| Carbohydrates have a ______ ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. | 2:1 |
| Which of the following are the monomeric subunits that make up a protein? Fatty acids Amines Glucose molecules Amino acids | amino acids |
| A protein that functions as a biological catalyst is called a(n) | Enzymes ;Enzymes are macromolecules that function as biological catalysts |
| Atoms that make up molecules.. | may be identical or different |
| What are the two divisions of metabolism? | Catabolism and anabolism ;catabolism consists of energy releasing decomposition reactions. anabolism consists of energy storing synthesis reactions such as the production of protein or fat |
| Carboxyl and phosphate groups are examples of .. | functional groups |
| starch molecule may contain thousands of smaller glucose subunits. Which of the following statements is true? Glucose is a monomer of starch. Glucose is a polymer of starch. Glucose is an isomer of star Glucose in an enantiomer of starch. | Glucose is a monomer of starch. |
| Which are examples of lipids? | Fatty acids Triglycerides Steroids Phospholipids |
| Nucleotides contain a phosphate, a sugar and a nitrogenous ________. | base |
| Which term defines the simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties? Molecule Element Neutron Proton | element |
| he number of molecules of a chemical that is equal to its molecular weight in grams, is a(n) | Molarity |
| Isotopes differ from one another by containing different numbers of which subatomic particle? | Neutrons |
| When a sodium atom loses an electron, it becomes a sodium ______. | ion |
| Groups of atoms that are added to carbon backbones and that give organic molecules a variety of unique properties are generally known as _______ groups. | functional |
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