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Dr. H acids bases

Dr. Heiny: (Standard 05) Acids and Bases

QuestionAnswer
Arrhenius acid a compound that contains hydrogen and releases hydrogen cations (H+) in water
Arrhenius base a compound that contains hydroxide and releases hydrogen anions (OH-) in water
Bronsted-Lowry acid a substance that is a proton donor (H+)
Bronsted-Lowry base a substance that can accept protons (H+)
monoprotic acid an acid that contains only one ionizable hydrogen atom
polyprotic acid an acid that contains two or more ionizable hydrogen atoms
pH the negative logarithm of the concentration of H+ in a solution used to measure acidity and alkalinity
pOH the negative logarithm of the concentration of OH- in a solution
strong acid an acid that ionizes completely in a solution
strong base a base that ionizes completely in water
weak acid an acid that releases few hydrogen ions in a solution (ionizes slightly)
weak base a base that releases few hydrogen ions in a solution (ionizes slightly)
conjugate acid an acid that forms after a base gains a proton
conjugate base a base that forms after an acid loses an electron
amphoteric describes a substance such as water that has the properties of an acid and a base
Kw self-ionization constant of water
neutral solution that contains equal concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions
indicator a compound that can reversibly change colors depending on pH of the solution.
neutralization reaction when acids and bases come together to form water
equivalence point the point when two solutions used in a titration are present in equal amounts
titration a method used to determine the concentration of a substance by adding a solution of known volume
buffer solution a solution with resists change in pH/ changes pH very slightly/ keeps pH constant when small amounts of acid or base are added
end point occurs in a titration when the indicator changes color
Created by: LPH
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