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H.Chem Unit #1 Test
2024 Honors Chemistry Unit #1 Test
| Term | Relative Info |
|---|---|
| atomic number | # of protons (p⁺) determines elemental identity |
| avg. atomic mass | # of protons (p⁺) + # of neutrons (n⁰) |
| where is the "atomic number" located on the periodic square? | top right corner |
| where is the "avg. atomic mass" located on the periodic square? | lower middle |
| avg. atomic mass is always (???) than atomic number | greater |
| horizontal rows on the pt | periods |
| vertical columns on the pt | groups OR families |
| element classification order | metals to nonmetals to metalloids |
| what are the other names for "metalloids"? | semi-metals and semiconductors |
| elements that are unstable as single atoms, so they exist as molecules covalently bonded to themselves | diatomic elements |
| what is an example of a diatomic element? | hydrogen |
| group 1 or 1A | alkali metals |
| group 2 or 2A | alkaline earth metals |
| group 17 or 7A | halogens |
| group 18 or 8A — unreactive!! | noble/inert gasses |
| groups 3-12 (aka. d-block) | transition metals |
| lanthanides | #'s 57-71 (aka. rare earth metal elements) |
| actinides | #'s 89-103 (many are radioactive) |
| the "f-block" is comprised of | lanthanides and actinides |
| found in "p-block" + separates metals from nonmetals | zig-zag line |
| all "metalloids" can be found along the | zig-zag line |
| "metalloids" have characteristics of both | metals and nonmetals |
| elements B, Ge, Si, Sb, As, Te, and Po are | metalloids |
| what are the four "sublevels" of the periodic table? | s, p, d, f |
| where does sublevel "s" start? | @ 1 |
| where does sublevel "p" start? | @ 2 |
| where does sublevel "d" start? | @ 3 |
| where does sublevel "f" start? | @ 4 |
| metals readily react with water to form | hydroxides |
| what 3 groups are very reactive? | alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and halogens |
| an element's oxidation number is also known as its | charges (gold star) |
| stirring a soluble solute into a solvent (???) the rate of dissolution | increases |
| exothermic reactions concern | heat leaving a system |
| endothermic reactions concern | heat coming into a system |
| melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, etc. are examples of | phase changes |
| catalysts are substances that (???) the reaction rate | speed up |
| how do catalysts work? | they lower the activation energy required for reactants to proceed to products |
| examples of chemical properties include | flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity, and heat of combustion. |
Created by:
maib
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