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Nutrition Final
Nightingale
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which of the following is a definition of nutrients? | chemicals in food used by the body for growth and helath |
| an essentail nutrient: | must be obtained by food |
| a food contains 15 grams of carbs 3 grams of protein 1 gram of fat. how many calories does this food contain | 81 |
| how many calories are supplied by vitamins | zero |
| which nutrient is the medium for all bodily processes | water |
| the energy yielding nutrients are | protein carbs and fats |
| a healthful diet can be described by which of the following | balance, moderation, variety |
| nutrient density refers to foods that | are rich in nutrients but relatively low in calories |
| the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for nutrients are generally | designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people |
| a food is considered high in nutrient if it provides | 20% or more of the daily value |
| foods in a given food group in MyPlate are equivalent in their content of | vitamins and minerals |
| typical Americans eat | too many calories and solid fats |
| a statement linking the nutritional profile of a food to a reduced risk of a particular disease is known as | health claim |
| food is pushed though the esophagus by | peristalsis |
| which of the following protects the stomach from the damaging effects of the hydrochloric acid | mucus |
| Bile functions as | an emulsifier |
| Bicarbonate | neutralizes acid from the stomach |
| Villi and microvilli are fingerlike and hairlike projections that line the smalll intestines. their purpose is to | increase surface are of the small intestine |
| Nutrients are absorbed in the | small intestine |
| intestinal gas is produced by | bacterial fermentation |
| metabolism takes place in the | liver |
| virtually infinite storage for energy is found in | fat cells |
| a patient was just diagnosed with celiac disease. what foods should they avoid eating | pulled pork and coleslaw |
| the primary role of carbohydrates in the human body is to | provide the body with energy |
| how many grams of carbohydrates would it take to equal 32 calories | 8 |
| sucrose is an example of a | disaccharride |
| when glucose and galactose are bonded together, they form | lactose |
| which one of these ingredients should you watch for on a food label when you want to avoid added sugar? | honey |
| a hormone that lowers high levels of glucose in the blood is | insulin |
| if a person uses u the body reserve supply of glycogen and still does not eat, glucose (sugar) comes from the | liver |
| what are the main sources of complex carbohydrates in a persons diet | sends beans and grains |
| what happens to carbohydrates that are not digested in the intestine | they pass into the large intestine and are eliminated |
| which of the following is a function of fat | most concentrated source of energy for the body |
| if a source of fat is from an animal, then it likely contains | saturated fats and cholesterol |
| which fats are liquid at room temperature? | unsaturated fats |
| which of the following groups of foods do not contain cholesterol? | avocados, bananas, beans |
| the most effective way to lower cholesterol is to | reduce saturated fat intake |
| which of the fooling is "good" cholesterol | HDL-cholesterol |
| a deficiency of fat in the diet may result in which of the following? | all. deficiency of fat soluble vitamins/ flakey dermatitis/decreased growth |
| which of the following diseases/conditions may be a possible risk of consuming a vegetarian diet? | iron deficiency anemia |
| which nutrients are most likely missing from a vegan diet? | Vitamin b12 vitamin d iron |
| which of the following foods would a locto-ovovegetarian eat? | milk and eggs |
| a diet high in protein generally corresponds to a diet that is also too high in | fat |
| a protein is said to be complete when | all essential amino acids are present and in proper porportions |
| which of the following foods contains complete potein | beef milk eggs |
| the primary role of protein is | the provide the building material of body tissue |
| a protein | has nitrogen in its chemical structure |
| ______ is the physical changes that take place in a protein when it is exposed to abnormal conditions in the enviorment | denaturation |
| what is the RDA for protein of a healthy adult woman who weighs 62kg | 49.6 |
| nearly all alcohol ingested is metabolized in the | liver |
| which of the following can influence the absorption and metabolism of alcohol | all |
| the liver can metabolize ___ drinks per hour | 1 |
| what of the following is correct concerning alcohols metabolism in a man and woman of th same height and weight | the woman has a lower capacity for metabolizing alcohol than the man |
| alcohol metabolism is not influences by a persons | level of caffeine consumption |
| after her college graduation party, jade's BAC was .16%. this level is ____ times the legal limit | 2 |
| alcohol is | a depressant drug |
| while ar a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ___ standard alcoholic drinks | 4 |
| chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of ___ cancer | all |
| bobs blood alcohol concentration is .25 based on the information, bob is | unconscious |
| vitamins | are organic molecules |
| which of the filling practices may reduce your risk of cancer? | eating more fruits and vegetables |
| which of the following foods are rich source of vitamins c | green peppers |
| patients with pernicious anemia are treated with | high doses of vitamin b12 |
| to reduce the likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects, women of childbearing age should obtain adequate | folate |
| diets that lack niacin can lead to | pellagra |
| vitamin k can be produced by | intestinal bacteria |
| lack of vitamin____ cases scurvy | c |
| enriched grain products have specific amounts of ____ added during processing | thiamin |
| people who are unable to absorb fat are likely to develop a _____ deficiency | vitamin a |
| minerals are divided into two categories name them | trace and major |
| calcium absorption is aided by | vitamin d |
| what happens when a persons calcium intake is low | calcium is released from bone into the bloodstream to be used by the rest of the body |
| Vitamin c will increase the absorption of _____ when included in the same meal | iron |
| which food provided iron in the most absorbable forrm | steak |
| from which sources might people unintentionally consume excessive sodium | processed and fast foods |
| if the exrtracellular fluid has an excess of sodium ions, | intercellular fluid moves to the outside of the cell |
| 4 basic functions of water in the body are transportation, temperature regulator, lubricant/shock absorber, and | chemical reractions |
| bottle of water is not necessarily better than tap water because | all |
| what body part uses iodine to maintain normal function | thyroid |
| body mass index is | based on the relationship between eight and risk of chronic disease |
| _____ fat deposits are under the abdominal muscles | visceral |
| _____ relies of the principle that lean tissue is denser that water | underwater weighing |
| _____ is a hormone that reduced hunger and inhibits fat storage in the body | leptin |
| bioelectrical impedance is based on the fact that | fat is a poor conductor of electricity |
| vital organs (lungs hear kidneys etc) figured energy to function. which of the following describes this type of energy | basal energy metabolism |
| obesity is caused by which of the following factors | multifactorial |
| the boys physiological need for food is experienced as | hunger |
| the manta a healthy weight, the most important goals are related to changes in | behaviors |
| sports drinks are formulated to | replace fluids and electrolytes lost though sweat |
| your roommate knows there are three components of fitness, but cannot remember which of the following is not a component of fitness. can you help. | lung volume |
| your friend wants to know how to achieve cardiovascular fitness. since you are taking this class, you tell him a person must exercise (work) at a specific heart rate which is called | target heart rate |
| glucose is the primary fuel for intense activity. it comes primarily from | glycogen stores |
| fitness enables the hear muscle, blood vessels, and lungs to work at maximum efficiency. what is this called | cardiovascular endurance |
| which of the following fuel sources provide energy for exercising muscles | glucose and fatty acids |
| you are gettin ready to run a half marathon and you want your diet to provide an edge. which of the following nutrients will do this | carbohydrates |
| it takes about _____ minutes of aerobic activity for our bodies to switch to fat as fuel | 20 |
| your sister is training for a marathon and is exercising in hot humid weather. she weighed herself before and after a training run. and found she has lost 5 pounds. approximately, how much water does this represent | 10 cups |
| which of the following minerals is a component of the body's oxygen transporting system | iron |
| which of the following conditions is a common nutrition related sign of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant woman? | morning sickness |
| Bethany is due to give birth to a boy in march. before she became pregnant, Bethany weighed 140 pounds which was the healthy range for her height. based on this information her physician will recommend that she gain____ pounds during her pregnancy | 25 to 35 |
| pregnant woman generally need to take a supplement that contains | folic acid |
| pregnant women who develop gestational diabetes are more likely to give birth to ____ infants than pregnant woman who do not have this condition | high birth weight |
| Which of the following substances is a lipid that is necessary for the proper development of an infants nervous system? | DHA |
| Alexis weighs 6.5 pounds at birth. assuming her development proceeds normally, she should weigh about ___ pounds by her first bithday | 19.5 |
| most infants are physically ready to start earring solid goods when they | can sit up with some back support |
| which of the following foods is usually recommended as the fist sold food for infants | rice cereal |
| caregiver should not feed infants | honey |
| to encourage healthy eating practices amount children, caregivers should, | have young children help select and prepare new foods |
| Anna would like to offer a high fiber nutrient dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. based on this information, she should serve | a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges |
| in the United States the diets of many school age children supply too much | sodium |
| in the united states most | girls being their growth spurt when they are between 14 and 16 years of age |
| major nutrition related concerns of adolescents include ___ intake | low iron |
| reduced___ is a normal physiological change associated with aging | recreation of intrinsic factor |
| which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women | vitamin d |
| bernice is 91 years of age. Her____ is likely to have a negative influence her nutritional status | annual income |
| with of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults especially elderly women | calcium |
| dysphagia can be caused by | stroke |
| ____ are disease causing microbes | pathogens |
| The ______ is the primary government agency that oversees the safety of most foods in the united staes | FDA |
| food born illnesses are usually characterized by | abdominal cramps diarrhea and vomiting |
| in the untied states common courses food-borne illness include all of the following except | fungi |
| which of the following practices can help reduce the growth of food-borne pathogens | all of these are correct |
| which of the following food preservation processes effectively destroys microbes | sterilization |
| _____ is a commercial heating process that destroys harmful bacteria in milk and fruit juices | pasteurization |
| when you travel to countries outside the United States you can reduce your risk of travelers diarrhea by | avoiding water that has not beed bottled and sealed |
| which of the following temperatures is recommended for storing chilled foods in the refrigerator | 40 |
| to reduce the risk of food-borne illness, raw poultry should be cooked to an internal temperature of at least | 165 |
| the process of altering foods though genetic manipulation | biotechnology |
| why are pesticides used | to kill insects rodents or other living things |
| substances widely used for many years without apparent ill effects are on the ____ list | GRAS |
| all of the following impact food security except | population growth in rural areas |
| the largest agricultural crop produced in the united states is | corn |
| cows are injected with hormones in order to | all of these |
| the agency the evaluates all food pesticides via a four part risk assessment is the | EPA |
| the food label says made with organic ingredients then the food | contains at least 70 percent organic ingredients |
| which of the following health issues is not a direct contributor to food insecurity | mild to moderate obesity |
| which of the following techniques is the simplest way to make water safe to drink | using solar radiation to purify water |
Created by:
abbottmichelle