Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MCAT psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Disposition | Behavior attributed to person's character |
| Situational | Behavior attributed to situation person is in |
| Id | unconscious, present since birth, primitive behavior |
| Ego | forms from the id, how one deals with wants that are allowed |
| Superego | guidelines of morals we develop around age 5 |
| Schizophrenia | paranoid behavior |
| Material culture | cultural object and significance |
| Comparative pessimism | He or she is at a higher risk than another |
| Diathesis stress model | why some people are more at risk for disorders |
| Humanistic perspective | Self concept and incongruence |
| Anomie | Lack of norms and values |
| Flashbulb memory | vivid compelling memories with reception of news about emotionally arousing events |
| Social capital | beliefs provided by social networks |
| Dichotic listening | two auditory messages- one to each ear |
| Conflict theory | sociology theory, competition for limited resources and power |
| NMDA receptors | glutamate receptors |
| Self verification | agreeing with how you view yourself |
| Serotonin | Appetite and mood control |
| Role strain | Stress from own need v other |
| Hidden curriculum | subtle lessons taught to reinforce norms |
| Sensory interaction | eyes and balance |
| Gestalt principles | viewing incomplete objects as complete |
| Engender | causes |
| Sapir Whorf hypothesis | how language shapes our reality |
| Lateral geniculate | nucleus |
| Superior colliculi | Coordinates eye movement |
| Superchiasmatic nucleus | Circadian rhythm |
| Striate cortex | higher order vision processing |
| Spreading activation | generalizing |
| Categorical bias | activating the dominant characteristics associated with that category |
| Categorical bias example | feminism- assuming one is extremely liberal and extreme women's rights |
| Classical conditioning | behaviorist approach |
| Sympathic arousal | measured with skin |
| Gentrification | Poor neighborhood is changed by wealthy people moving in |
| Polarization | Already established idea becomes more extreme |
| Erickson's stages | trust v mistrust, autonomy v shame and doubt, initiative v guilt, industry v inferiority, identity v role confusion, intimacy v isolation, generativity v stagnation, integrity v despair |
| trust v mistrust | Erickson's infant stage |
| Autonomy v shame and doubt | Erickson's toddler stage |
| Initiate v guilt | Erickson's preschooler stage |
| Industry v inferiority | Erickson's grade-schooler stage |
| Identity v role confusion | Erickson's teenager stage |
| Intimacy v isolation | Erickson's young adult stage |
| Generativity v stagnation | Erickson's middle-age adult |
| Integrity v despair | Erickson's older adult stage |
| Class | Same socioeconomic status |
| Caste | man-made social order where rank is determined by birth |
| Selective attention | Choosing and focusing on certain information |
| Hippocampus | memeory |
| Hypothalamus | Hormone control |
| Frontal lobe | personality |
| Instinctual drift | drift of behavior to be more like "croods" |
| Episodic memory | like playing a memory in your head, includes autobiographical info |
| Semantic memory | General world knowledge obtained over time |
| Implicit memory | memory we are unaware of that influences behavior |
| Sensory memory | Memory of what we pick up from our environment, quick and fleeting |
| Back stage self | Who you truly are |
| Front stage self | Who you pretend to be around others |
| Social network | Who you surround yourself with |
| Proximal stimulus | stimulus registered by sensory receptors |
| Misinformation effect | A phenomenon in which memories are altered by misleading information provided at the point of encoding or recall |
| Linguistic relativity hypothesis | One's perception of reality is largely determined by the content, form, and structure of language; also known as the Whorfian hypothesis |
| Impression management | Behaviors that are intended to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object, or event |
| Appraisal model | Biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced; accepts that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression |
| Mental set | A tendency to repeat solutions that have yeilded positive results at some time in the past |
| Disconfirmation principle | Idea that states that if evidence obtained during testing does not confirm a hypothesis, then the hypothesis is discarded or revised |
| Deductive reasoning | A form of cognition that starts with general information and narrows down that information to create a conclusion |
| Arcuate fasciculus | A bundle of axons that connects Wernicke's Area with Broca's Area. Damage causes conduction aphasia, characterized by the ability to repeat words with intact spontaneous speech production and comprehension |
| Inductive reasoning | A form of cognition that utilizes generalizations to develop a theory |
| Opponent-processing theory | A theory that states that the body will adapt to counteract repeated exposure to stimuli, such as afterimages or ramping up the sympathetic nervous system in response to a depressant |
| Implicit personality theory | A theory that states that people tend to associate traits and behaviors in others, and that people have the tendency to attribute their own beliefs onions and ideas onto others |
| Discriminating stimuli | The ability to reinforce or punish |
| Base rate fallacy | The error people make when they ignore the base rate when evaluating the probabilities of events |
| Public verifiability | is the reason other scientists are attempted to replicate the original findings |
| Retina | Detects light rays and converts them into signals for the brain to process |
| Sensorimotor stage | Piaget's theory one to two, incapable of abstract thought |
| Preoperational stage | Piaget's theory, imaginative stage |
| Phallic stage | Freud's theory |
| Latent stage | Freud's theory, focus on no changes |
| Altruism | Doing something for others without expecting anything in return |
| Attitudes are made of | Behavioral, cognitive, and affective components |
| Depth cue | Binocular |
| Retinal height | Monocular cue |
| Occulusion | Monocular cue |
| Texture gradient | Monocular cue |
| Microsociology | Focus on a smaller scale group interactions |
| Macrosociology | Focus on large/system interactions |
| Role strain | tension in demands from a singular social role |
| Role conflict | Balancing different roles |
| Symbolic interaction | sense of self of identity through interactions and relationships that they have with others |
| Mechanoreceptors | example hair cells |
| Proprioceptors | for movement example muscles |
| Chemoreceptors | chemical to electrical signal |
| Osmoreceptors | change in molarity of fluids in body |
| Hindbrain | Contains the cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and reticular formation |
| Midbrain | Contains the inferior and superior colliculi |
| Forebrain | Contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex |
| Thalamus | Relay station for sensory information |
| Basal ganglia | Smoothens movements and helps maintain postural stability |
| Limbic system | Controls emotion and memory |
| Septal nuclei | Pleasure seeking |
| Amygdala | Fear and aggression |
| Fornix | Communication with limbic system |
| Parietal lobe | Sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain; spatial processing, orientation and manipulation |
| Temporal | Sound processing (auditory cortex), speech perception (Wenick's area), memory and emotion (limbic) |
| Acetylcholine | Voluntary muscle control, parasympathetic nervous system, attention, alternes |
| Epinephrine and Norepinephrine | Fight or flight responses, wakefulness, alternes |
| Dopamine | Smooth movements, postural stability |
| GABA, glycine | brain stabilization |
| Glutamine | brain excitation |
| Endorphins | natural painkillers |
| Visual pathway | retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tracks, lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus, visual radiations, visual cortex |
| Auditory pathway | Vestibulocochlear nerve, medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus, auditory cortex |
| Bottom up processing | Recognition of objects by parallel processing and feature detection |
| Top down processing | Recognition of an object by memories and expectations with little attention to detail |
| Awake | Alpha and Beta waves, able to perceive process access and express information |
| NREM 2 | Theta waves, sleep spindles and K complexes |
| NREM 1 | Theta waves, light sleep |
| NREM 3/4 | Delta Waves Slow wave sleep, dreams, declarative memory consolidation, some sleep disorders |
| REM | Mostly beta waves, Appears awake physiologically, dreams, paralyzed, procedural memory consolidation, some sleep disorders |
| Concrete operational stage | Piaget's stage focuses on understanding the feelings of others and manipulating physical objects |
| Formal operational stage | Piaget's stage focuses on abstract thought and problem solving |
| Cluster A personality disorders | Paranoid, schizotypal, schizoid |
| Cluster B personality disorders | Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic |
| Cluster C personality disorders | Avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive |
| Social facilitation | do better or worse when others are around |
| Group think | just going with an idea because the group came up with it and not considering outside ideas |
| Group polarization | more extreme ideas than what an individual would think |
Created by:
kendallmk