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AP GOV
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Declaration of Independence | Announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. At the time that the American Revolution began in April 1775 most colonists were not seeking independence. |
| Limited Government | Limited government is a theory of governance in which the government only has those powers delegated to it by law, often through a written constitution. |
| Social Contract | an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection. |
| Natural Rights | Natural rights refer to the rights given to all humans, simply for the sake of being human. Life, Liberty, The Pursuit of Happiness-TJ/Life, Liberty, Property-Locke |
| popular sovereignty | . Popular sovereignty means a country's constitution must be ratified by the majority of the people or their representatives. Popular sovereignty is one of the founding ideas of the United States. |
| Representative Democracy/Republic | Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives. a republic is a representative form of government that is ruled according to a charter, or constitution |
| Republicanism | Republicanism is a political ideology centred on citizenship in a state organized as a republic. Historically, it emphasizes the idea of self-rule and ranges from the rule of a representative minority or oligarchy to popular sovereignty. |
| U.S. Constitution | The Constitution defines the fundamental law of the U.S. federal government, setting forth the three principal branches of the federal government and outlining their jurisdictions. |
| Checks and balances | a system that allows each branch of a government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from having too much power. |
| Federalism | Federalism is a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government. |
| Separation of Powers | Executive, Judicial, and Legislative. Division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another. Prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances. |
| John Adams | He was a leading proponent of independence from Great Britain , and served on the five-man committee assigned to draft the Declaration of Independence. In 1778, the Continental Congress appointed Adams a commissioner to France to conclude the war. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Thomas Jefferson, a spokesman for democracy, was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and the third President of the United States (1801–1809). Inspired by John Locke and Thomas Paine |
| George Washington | Founding father, leader of the continental army, and future first president. |
| Benjamin Franklin | the only founding father that signed all four key documents that led to the formation of the United States. These include the Declaration, the Treaty of Alliance with France, the peace treaty with Great Britain in and the United States Constitution. |
| Thomas Hobbes (Leviathan) | In Leviathan, Hobbes believes society needs government because without it it is nothing but pure anarchy. He believes that religion results in ignorance and a weak government along with it can potentially create discourse. Social contract |
| John Locke (Two treatises of Government) | John Locke took the ideas of natural rights and the social contract from Hobbes and pushed it. He believed in a gov that wasn't too controlling and the potential to change the gov if the social contract or natural rights were broken |
| Montesquieu (spirit of laws) | Spirit of laws discussed french parliament, separation of powers and believed that power was safe with the people. |
| Rosseau (Social contract) | General will (common good) only occurs under a social contract. Believed in a represented gov with people choosing those serve general will. Govs were best small and preserving liberty. Govs force laws while lawmakers guided them |
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ReaganTheWizard