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WEEK 2 Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Saturated fatty acid is one in which All available bonds of its polypeptide chain filled All available bonds of its hydrogen chain filled One or more double bonds hydrocarbon saturtd w/ H+ One or more double bonds polypeptide chain saturated w/ H+ | All available bonds of its hydrogen chain filled |
| Any large molecule made up of many identical small molecules is called a(n) Isomer Monomer Glycogen Polymer | Polymer |
| A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a Protein Lipid Carbohydrate Nucleic acid | Nucleic acid |
| A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol molecule and three of the same type of fatty acid T/F | FALSE |
| Which term means “water loving” and applies to the phospholipid head? Hydrophobic Hydrolysis Hydrophilic Dehydration | Hydrophilic |
| The most important monosaccharide is Fructose Lactose Glucose Maltose | Glucose |
| ATP Is an amino acid Provides enzymes for metabolism Is the form of energy that cells generally use Has a double helix structure | Is the form of energy that cells generally use |
| Which of these is not a lipid? Fat Steroid Cholesterol Polysaccharide | Polysaccharide |
| All proteins have which four elements Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen Carbon, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen Carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, and nitrogen | Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen |
| Proteins are polymers of Glucose Fats Nucleotides Amino acids | Amino acids |
| What term is often used to describe certain arrangements of atoms attached to the core of many organic molecules Functional group Monomer Polymer Prostaglanins | Functional group |
| Chaperone proteins assist in the proper folding of other proteins so they can have the correct functional shape. T/F | TRUE |
| When two amino acids are joined, a peptide bond is formed and H+ ion is release. T/F | FALSE |
| Which of the following is a polymer of glucose that is sometimes referred to as animal starch? disaccharide Polysaccharide Monosaccharide glycogen | glycogen |
| What determines how a protein performs? Shape Size Quality Peptide bonds | Shape |
| In base pairing of DNA molecules, ___ is bound to ____ Adenine; thymine Adenine; cytosine Guanine; uracil Adenine; uracil | Adenine; thymine |
| The carbon-containing molecules formed by living things are often called Organic molecules Inorganic molecules Buffers Salts | Organic molecules |
| The lipid that is often referred to as a tissue hormone is Cholesterol Triglyceride Prostaglandin Phospholipid | Prostaglandin |
| DNA and RNA are important because Information molecules They conserve energy Each one is a valuable source of energy They serve as catalysts | Information molecules |
| RNA and DNA have the same pyrimidine bases but different purine bases T/F | FALSE |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: Triglyceride Phospholipid Steroid Both B and C | Both B and C |
| Which of the following in not true of RNA It contains ribose sugar It contains adenine It is composed of smaller molecules called nucleotides All of the above are true of RNA | All of the above are true of RNA |
| Which of the following is not true of both triglycerides and phospholipids They both contain glycerol They both contain fatty acids They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end All of the above are true | They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end* |
| glycoprotein, 2 word combo tells you that the component is made of ___, with ___ being the dominant compound A lipid and a protein; the lipid Carbohydrate and protein; carbohydrate A lipid and a protein; the protein Carbohydrate and protein; protein | Carbohydrate and protein; protein |
| The amino group in amino acids is: NH3+ COO- Symbolized by the letter R SO2 | NH3+ |
| The basic building blocks of fats are Monosaccharides Disaccharides Amino acids Fatty acids and glycerol | Fatty acids and glycerol |
| Which energy releasing or energy transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? FAD Creatine phosphate NAD ATP | Creatine phosphate |
| Prostaglandins and steroid share which of the following characteristics? Both are found in the membrane Both have a ring structure in their molecule Both have saturated fat in their structure None of the above | Both have a ring structure in their molecule* |
| What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? degree of saturation Presense of glycerol Available bonds of hydrocarbons Polarity | degree of saturation* |
| Which lipid is part of vitamin D Glycerol Steroids Prostaglandins Fatty acids | Steroids |
| Which of the following is not one of the major groups of organic substances in the human body? Proteins Salts Lipids Nucleic acids | Salts |
| The type of lipoprotein associated with “bad” cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is; HDL LDL VHDL None | LDL |
| Which of the following is not true of carbohydrates? They include substance commonly called sugars They are the body's primary source of energy They are part of both DNA and RNA All are true | All are true |
| Humans can synthesize 13 or 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, which must be in the diet are called: Enzymes Essential amino acids Structural proteins Peptide bonds | Essential amino acids* |
| If one side of a DNA molecule is CTAGGCTG, the other side would be CTAGGCTG GATCCGAC CUAGGCUG GAUCCGAC | GATCCGAC |
| All of the following substances are organic except: Lipids Electrolytes Carbohydrates Proteins | Electrolytes |
| Which level of protein structure refers to the number, kind and sequence of amino acids? Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary | Primary |
| Amino acids frequently become joined by: Peptide bonds Catabolic reactions Atrophic reactions All of the above | Peptide bonds |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called Hydrolysis Oxidation Decomposition Dehydration synthesis | Dehydration synthesis |
| The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen | Nitrogen |
| DNA: | Is a double helix stand of nucleotides* |
| When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form what disaccharide? Sucrose Maltose Lactose Fructose | Maltose |
| Which lipid acts as a “tissue hormone” Triglyceride Prostaglandin Steroid Phospholipid | Prostaglandin |
| The roles played by proteins can be divided into which categories? Structural and functional Chemical and functional Structural and chemical Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis | Structural and functional |
| The types of lipids found that form hormones such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are: Triglycerides Phosphoglucerides Steroids Prostaglandins | Steroids |
| The alpha helix is an example of which level of protein structure? Primary Secondary Territory Quaternary | Secondary |
| Unsaturated fats: Contain all the hydrogen atoms they can hold Contain only single bond between carbon Are usually solid at room temperature Will kink or bend because of the double bonds between carbon atoms | Will kink or bend because of the double bonds between carbon atoms |
| A ___ is a functional group that is temporarily attached and is highly reactive because of unpaired electrons Hydroxyl Phosphate Amine Free radical | Free radical |
| Peptide bonds join together molecules of: Glycerol Glucose Amino acids Water | Amino acids |
Created by:
sabrinaseher