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7.5

Unit Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Mean the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores
Median of a set of numbers the middle score in a distribution, to find the median, put the numbers in order first and then use the rainbow or undelining method to find the middle number(s), if there are 2 numbers in the middle, add them and divide by 2
Mode the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution the most "popular", not the biggest number
Range thespread of the data, the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution (high-low)
Box Plot (Box and Whisker Plot) a graphical representation showing the five-number summary of data (minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, maximum)
minimum smallest number in a data set, bottom of the whisker
Q1- Ist or lower quartile The median of the bottom half of data, bottom of the box
Median (Box Plot) Middle of the box
Q3- 3rd or upper quartile The median of the top half of the data, top of the box
Maximum largest number in a data set, top of the whisker
Interquartile Range (IQR) the difference between the first and third quartiles Q3-Q1 or top of the box- bottom of the box
Dot Plot Displays data graphically using a small dot (or other symbol, like x) for each data piece. Ordered from least to greatest.
Data Shape Data can be symmetric, skewed right, or skewed left. The skew is the tail.
Measure of Center (Dot Plot) Represented by the median and the mean. -Skewed: the median is the best measure of center. -Symmetric: the mean is the best measure of center.
Probability The chance that something will happen. Always between 0 and 1. P=# of successful outcomes/# of total possible outcomes
Certain Probability When an event will definitely happen, the probability is 1.
Impossible Probability When an event cannot happen, the probability is 0.
Likely Probability The closer to 1, the more likely an event is to happen.
Unlikely Probability The closer to 0, the less likely an event will happen.
Sample A subset of an entire group. It refers to a portion of the group with specific characteristics.
Population Refers to the entire group when collecting data.
Random Sample Everyone in the population must have an equal chance of being selected.
Combination A collection of things in which order does not matter.
Sample Space The set of all possible outcomes or results. Can be shown using a tree diagram (see below), table or list.
Tree Diagram Shows all the possible outcomes or results. Drawn using “branches” coming out of every option.
Counting Principle Used to find the number of possible outcomes. Multiply the number of outcomes together.
Independent Probability When the outcome of one event does not impact the outcome of the second event. P(A) x P(B)
Dependent Probability When the outcome of one event impacts the outcome of another. P(A) x P(B after A)
Experimental Probability The ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total number of trials.
Theoretical Probability The probability of an event happening based on the possible outcomes.
Simulation Represents the likelihood of a real-life event occuring by using an experiment with similar probabilities.
Prediction Probability can be used to make predictions for future occurrences by setting up and solving a proportion.
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