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EMT Ch. 36
Geriatric Emergencies
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pneumonia | -Inflammation/infection of the lung from bacterial, viral, or fungal causes -Leading cause of death from infection in Americans older than 65 years |
| Pulmonary embolism | -Sudden blockage of an artery by a venous clot -A patient will present with shortness of breath and sometimes chest pain. -Get spo2 |
| Aneurysm | ●Abnormal, blood-filled dilation of the blood vessel wall ●Severe blood loss can occur. |
| Venous stasis | ●Loss of proper function of the veins in the legs that carry blood back to the heart ●Causes blood clots |
| Deep vein thrombosis | Blood clots in the deep veins. Can lead to pulmonary embolism |
| Right-sided heart failure | Occurs when the fluid backs up into the body. -Causes jugular vein distention, ascites, peripheral edema, and an enlarged liver |
| Left-sided heart failure | Fluid backs up into the lungs. -Causes a condition called pulmonary edema and shortness of breath -The patient will have severe shortness of breath and hypoxia with crackles in the lungs. -Crackles in lungs, CHF, pink frothy sputum. |
| Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea | ●Characterized by a sudden attack of respiratory distress that wakes the person when he or she is reclining ●Caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs, CHF ●Patients report coughing, feeling suffocated, and cold sweats. ●You will notice tachycardia. |
| Cerebral Vascular Accident= | Stroke |
| Ischemic strokes | Occur when a blood clot blocks the flow of blood to a portion of the brain |
| Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA), same symptoms as _________ but ending in a stroke | Transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
| In Delirium assess for: | ●Hypoxia ●Hypovolemia ●Hypoglycemia ●Hypothermia |
| Melena | Bleeding that travels through the lower digestive tract lead to these stools |
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy | Enlarged prostate |
| Thyroxine | Reduction in thyroid hormones S/s ●Slower heart rate ●Fatigue ●Drier skin and hair ●Cold intolerance ●Weight gain |
| DKA Diabetic Keto Acidosis (Type 1) | Dry High sugar, Keytones and Kussmaul reps., Abdominal pain, Acidosis Metabolic ph 7.35 or less |
| Normal Acidosis Metabolic Ph 7.35- 7.45 | 7.35- 7.45 |
| Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) | High sugar, higher fluid loss, head change, no abdominal pain no keytones, slower onset |
| Osteoporosis | Characterized by a decrease in bone mass |
| Osteoarthritis | A progressive disease of the joints that destroys cartilage, promotes the formation of bone spurs, and leads to joint stiffness |
| Older men | Highest suicide rates of any age group in the United States |
| The GEMS Diamond | Geriatric patient Environmental assessment Medical assessment Social assessment |
| kyphosis | Forward curling of spine, hunchback, humpback |
| Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | Skin abscess |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | Causes an infection of the upper and lower respiratory tracts |
| Clostridium difficile (C diff) | A bacterium responsible for the most common cause of hospital-acquired infectious diarrhea |
| POLST (Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment) | Gives medical orders in addition to the advanced directives |
Created by:
DFroisland