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Rad review #8
Head (Q 274)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A tech will see the petrous pyramids lying in the ______________ during a PA axial, caldwell method | lower third of the orbits |
| What line is perp. to the IR for a PA skull? What angulation of the cr? | -OML -0 angulation of cr |
| For a SMV of the skull where should the CR enter and at what angle? | -sella turcica -0 degrees (perpendicular to IR) |
| During an SMV of the skull, the MSP through the throat passes how far anterior to the EAM? | 0.75inch (2 cm) |
| what anatomical feature is visible and symmetrical in a diagnostic sSMV of the skull? | mandibular condyles (gonions) |
| when perofrming a perietoacanthial waters of the facial bones, what is the proper distance between the tip of the nose and the board? | 0.75 inh (2 cm) |
| in a lateral nasal bone, where is the cr? | 0.5 inch inferior to nasion |
| how many paranasal sinus groups should be demonstrated on a lateral projection of the sinuses? | 4 |
| in a parietoacanthial waters of the sinus, the petrous ridges appear just inferior to the: | Maxillary sinuses |
| during any SMV projection what line is parallel to the IR? | IOML |
| what two sinuses are visualized in an SMV of the sinus? | -spehnoid -ethmoid |
| in the SMV sinus, what anatomical structure is superimposed by the anterior frontal bone? | mental protuberance |
| What two sinuses are demonstrated in the waters open mouth of the sinuses? | -sphenoid sinus -maxillary sinus |
| the hard palate is formed by what two bones? | -maxillary bone -palatine bone |
| in the PA axial projection of the sinuses what line forms a 15 deg angle with the horizontal beam? | OML |
| CR angulation should not be used in what type of head projections? | Sinus |
| What sinuses are seen in the PA axial of the sinuses? (OML 15 deg from horizontal beam) | -frontal -ethmoid |
| to demonstrate the mandibular body in the PA position, the CR is: | Perpendicular to the IR |
| the OML and IOML are seperated by about __ degrees | 7 degrees |
| the OML and GML are seperated by about ___ degrees | 8 degrees |
| The GML and IOML are seperatd by __ degrees | 15 degrees |
| the structures forming the brain stem include: | -medulla oblongata -pons -midbrain |
| when modifying the PA axial projection of the skull, to demonstrate the superior orbital fissure the CR is directed: | - 25 - 30 caudad |
| when modifying the PA axial projection of the skull, to demonstrate the inferior orbital fissure the CR is directed: | 20 - 25 cephalad |
| when modifying the PA axial projection of the skull, to demonstrate the rotundum foramina the CR is directed: | 25 - 35 caudad |
| what are the three foramina in the greater wing of the sphenoid? | -rotundum -ovale -spinosum |
| structures involved in a blow out fracture include: | -inferiror rectus muscle -orbital floor |
| blowout fractures in the orbital floor are well demonstrated in what view? | -modidfied waters |
| in the modified waters, the OML is ___ to the IR and LML is ___ to the IR | - OML is 55 degrees to IR -LML is perpendicular to IR |
| The ___________ projection is the single best position to demonstrate facil bones | parietoacanthial ( waters) |
| what skull position will demonstrate the cranial base, sphenoidal sinuses, atlas, and odontoid process ? | SMV |
| __ or ___ projections are used frequently to demonstrate the occipital region or evaluate the sellar region | AP or PA |
| With the patient in the PA position and the OML and CR perpendicular to the IR, this will demonstrate the petrous pyramids where? | completely within the orbits |
| the full length of the nasal septum is best demonstrated in the : | Parietoacanthial (waters) projection |
| Inflamation of the tongue is called: | Glossitis |
| inflamation of the parotid gland | Parotitis |
| with an adult in the PA position and the OML perpendicular to the IR, a ___ to ___ degree caudal angle places the petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbit | 15 to 20 |
| with an adult in the PA position and the OML perpendicular to the IR, a ___ to ___ degree caudal angle places the petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbit. To see the same with a CHILD, what must be done ? | 15 to 20 - with a CHILD the CR is perpendicular(no angle) to the nation , |
| in the AP towne method, the dorsum sella and posterior clinoid processes should be visualized where? | Within the foramen magnum |
| The frontal bone is best shown in what view? | PA 0 deg |
| basal foramina is well shown in the : | SMV |
| what is different about a PA axial SINUS? | the OML is elevated 15 degrees from horizontal beam |
| the frontal and ethmoid sinuses are well shown in what? | PA axial caldwell |
| the sphenoid sinuses are well shown in: | SMV |
| Maxiallary sinuses are best shown in | parietiacanthial waters |
| elongation occurs as a result of | x ray tube angulation |
| Foreshortening occurs as a result of | body parts being at an angle wit the IR |
| the auditory or eustachian tube extends from the nasopharynx to the | middle ear |
| if the patient is unable to stay erect for a paranasal sinus exam, what alternative should be done ? | Lateral cross table Because CR must be parallel to floor for air-fluid levels |
| what angulation is required for AP axial L5-S!? males and females | -Males: 30 ceph -Females: 35 ceph |
| In the waters projection where is the petrous pyramids compared to the mxillary sinuses? | Below the maillary sinuses |
| What part of the mandible will be best visualized with a PA 20 - 25 cephalic angle? | Rami |
| the ___________ method is a frog leg lateral of the hip | Modified cleaves |
| the _______ method is a PA axial oblique of the acetabulum | teufel |
| Views to obtain the difficult zygomatic arches include the: | -SMV -inferosuperior oblique projection because both require the patienst to hyper extend their necks and this projects the zygomatic arches free of superimposition |
| For visualization of both the sacrum and coccyx in the lateral projection, the CR is directed _______ inches posterior and at the level of ______ | -3 - 4 inches - ASIS |
Created by:
daniel.velazco004