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8 Chap 60 terms
i hate disscussions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aerophagia (ayr-oh-FAY-jee-ah) | the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking and is a common cause of gas in the stomach (aer/o means air, and -phagia means swallowing) |
| anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-MOH-sis) | a surgical connection between two hollow, or tubular, structures |
| antiemetic (an-tih-ee-MET-ick) | a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting (anti- means against, emet means vomit, and -ic means pertaining to) |
| ascites (ah-SIGH-teez) | an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
| bariatrics (bayr-ee-AT-ricks) | the branch of medicine for the prevention and management of obesity and associated diseases |
| borborygmus (bor-boh-RIG-mus) | the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine |
| cachexia (kah-KEKS-eeh-ah) | a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS |
| canker sores (KANE-ker) | also known as aphthous ulcers, are gray-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth |
| celiac disease (SEE-lee-ak) | an autoimmune disorder characterized by a severe reaction to ingesting gluten |
| cheilitis (kye-LITE-is) | also known as cheilosis, is inflammation of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth (cheil means lips, and -itis means inflammation) |
| cholangiography (koh-LAN-jee-og-rah-fee) | a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium (cholangi/o means bile duct, and -graphy means the process of recording) |
| cholangitis (koh-lan-JIGH-tis) | an acute inflammation of the bile duct characterized by pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice (cholang means bile duct, and -itis means inflammation) |
| cholecystectomy (koh-luh-sis-TECK-toh-mee) | the surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecyst means gallbladder and -ectomy means surgical removal) |
| cholecystitis (koh-luh-sis-TYE-tis) | inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with gallstones blocking the flow of bile (cholecyst means gallbladder, and -itis means inflammation) |
| cholelithiasis (koh-luh-lih-THIGH-ah-sis) | the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts (chole means bile or gall, and -lithiasis means presence of stones) |
| cirrhosis (sih-ROH-sis) | a chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by scarring (cirrh means yellow or orange, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease) |
| colonoscopy (koh-lun-OSS-koh-pee) | direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum using a colonoscope (colon/o means colon, and -scopy means visual examination) |
| colostomy (koh-LAHS-toh-mee) | the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface (col means colon, and -ostomy means surgically creating an opening) |
| Crohn’s disease (KROHNZ) | a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon |
| dental prophylaxis (proh-fih-LACK-sis) | professional examining, cleaning, and polishing of the gums and teeth to remove plaque and tartar |
| diverticulitis (dye-ver-tick-you-LYE-tis) | the inflammation or infection of one or more diverticulum in the colon (diverticul means diverticulum, and -itis means inflammation) |
| diverticulosis (dye-ver-tick-you-LOH-sis) | the chronic presence of an abnormal number of diverticula, or sacs, formed in weak spots of the colon wall (diverticul means diverticulum, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease) |
| dyspepsia (dis-PEP-see-ah) | also known as indigestion, is pain or discomfort during the digestion process (dys- means painful, and -pepsia means digestion) |
| dysphagia (dis-FAY-jee-ah) | difficulty in swallowing (dys- means difficult, and -phagia means swallowing) |
| endoscopy (en-DOS-koh-pee) | a visual examination of internal structures |
| enema (EH-neh-ma) | the placement of a solution into the rectum and colon to empty the lower intestine through bowel activity |
| enteritis (en-ter-EYE-tis) | an inflammation of the small intestine caused by ingesting substances contaminated with viral or bacterial pathogens which causes diarrhea (enter means small intestine, and -itis means inflammation) |
| eructation (eh-ruk-TAY-shun) | act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach |
| esophageal varices (eh-sof-ah-JEE-al VAYR-ih-seez) | enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus . associated with serious liver diseases |
| esophagogastroduodenoscopy (eh-sof-ah-goh-gas-troh-dew-oh-deh-NOS-koh-pee) | an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract (esophag/o means esophagus, gastr/o means stomach, duoden/o means duodenum, and -scopy means visual examination) |
| gastroduodenostomy (gas-troh-dew-oh-deh-NOS-toh-mee) | the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum (gastr/o means stomach, duoden means first part of the small intestine, and -ostomy means surgically creating an opening) |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (gas-troh-eh-sof-ah-JEE-al REE-flucks) | also known as GERD, is the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus (gastr/o means stomach, esophag means esophagus, and -eal means pertaining to) |
| gastroparesis (gas-troh-pah-REE-sis) | a condition in which gastric motility slows down, causing delayed gastric emptying (gastr/o means stomach, and -paresis means partial paralysis) |
| gastrostomy tube (gas-TROS-toh-mee) | a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body on the abdomen, directly into the stomach (gastr means stomach, and -ostomy means surgically creating an opening) |
| hematemesis (hee-mah-TEM-eh-sis) | vomiting of coagulated blood (hemat means blood, and -emesis means vomiting) |
| Hemoccult test (HEE-moh-kult) | also known as the fecal occult blood test, is a laboratory test for hidden blood in stool (hem means blood, and -occult means hidden) |
| hepatitis (hep-ah-TYE-tis) | an inflammation of the liver usually caused by a viral infection (hepat means liver, and -itis means inflammation) |
| hiatal hernia (high-AY-tal HER-nee-ah) | an anatomical abnormality in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through an opening in the diaphragm (hiat means opening, and -al means pertaining to) |
| hyperemesis (high-per-EM-eh-sis) | extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration (hyper- means excessive, and -emesis means vomiting) |
| ileus (ILL-ee-us) | the partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine |
| inguinal hernia (ING-gwih-nal HER-nee-ah) | the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin (inguin means groin, and -al means pertaining to) |
| jaundice (JAWN-dis) | a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes |
| leukoplakia (loo-koh-PLAY-kee-ah) | an abnormal white, usually benign lesion (sore) that develops on the tongue or the inside of the cheek (leuk/o means white, and -plakia means plaque) |
| malocclusion (mal-oh-KLOO-zhun) | any deviation from the normal positioning of the upper teeth against the lower teeth |
| melena (meh-LEE-nah) | the passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools. |
| nasogastric intubation (nay-zoh-GAS-trick in-too-BAY-shun) | placement of a nasogastric feeding tube (NG tube) through the nose and into the stomach (nas/o means nose, gastr means stomach, and -ic means pertaining to) |
| obesity (oh-BEE-sih-tee) | an excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
| palatoplasty (PAL-ah-toh-plas-tee) | surgical repair of a cleft palate, also used to refer to the repair of a cleft lip (palat/o means palate, and -plasty means surgical repair) |
| peptic ulcer disease (UL-ser) | characterized by sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system (pept means digestion, and -ic means pertaining to) |
| peristalsis (pehr-ih-STAL-sis) | a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction that moves the food forward into the digestive system |
| polyp (POL-up) | s a mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane |
| proctologist (prock-TOL-oh-jist) | a physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus (proct means anus and rectum, and -ologist means specialist) |
| regurgitation (ree-gur-jih-TAY-shun) | the return of swallowed food into the mouth |
| salmonellosis (sal-moh-nel-LOH-sis) | an infectious disease transmitted by feces, either through direct contact with animals, or by eating contaminated raw or undercooked meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs or unpasteurized milk products, also referred to as salmonella |
| sigmoidoscopy (sig-moi-DOS-koh-pee) | endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon (sigmoid/o means sigmoid colon, and -scopy is the visual examination) |
| stomatitis (stoh-mah-TYE-tis) | an inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth (stomat means mouth or oral cavity, and -itis means inflammation) |
| trismus (TRIZ-mus) | also known as lockjaw, describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer |
| ulcerative colitis (UL-ser-ay-tiv koh-LYE-tis) | a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation of the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation |
| volvulus (VOL-view-lus) | the twisting of the intestine on itself, causing an obstruction |
| xerostomia (zeer-oh-STOH-mee-ah) | also known as dry mouth, is the lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands (xer/o means dry, stom means mouth or oral cavity, and -ia means pertaining to) |
| Gastroenteritis (gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis) | an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and intestines (gastr/o means stomach, enter means small intestine, and -itis means inflammation) |
Created by:
alexandra...